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The main achievements are as follows. (1) As an authentication mechanism using encryption that simultaneously realizes anonymity and invalidation, we proposed a predicate authentication scheme that ensures anonymity and deniability with a revocation function. (2) We evaluated 11 studies on the receipt-freeness and coercion-resistance of electronic voting using blockchain techniques. In many of them, although there is an argument for receipt-freeness, it has been found that it is difficult to guarantee the coercion resistance. (3) The receipt-freeness and coercion-resistance of authentication were defined based on evidentiary information in authentication protocols. Furthermore, to define it appropriately, we proposed scenarios in which legitimate users can be forced to perform authentication acts for biometric authentication."}]},{"type":"significance_of_research_achievement","notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"本研究成果の成果は，（1）無証拠性及び耐強制性の議論の基礎となった，電子投票の分野における最新技術動向について精査し，耐強制性確保の難しさを確認した点，（2）認証における無証拠性及び耐強制性を定義する上で，証拠情報に関する考察だけでは不足であることを明らかにした点，（3）暗号学のアプローチによる匿名での否認可能な述語認証スキームを提案した点にある。特に（3）はプライバシリスクを低減した認証方法が構成できるようになったという意味で学術的意味は大きい。（1）と（2）については，当初の研究計画では想定できなかった事象であり，今後の研究展開の基礎的知見となった。"}]}],"researcher":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1420845751134981632","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"00300666"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000000300666"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000244005167"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000238413600"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000001651653"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000414552708"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000411617376"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000004771130"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000285596435"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000410978505"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000241723248"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000331436974"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000016259921"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000411808459"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000244903370"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000244903356"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000404474666"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000412241398"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000398386792"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000404223186"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000004749266"},{"@type":"RESEARCHMAP","@value":"https://researchmap.jp/read0190055"}],"foaf:name":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"上繁 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