Carotenoid Contents in Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Concentration by Saponification

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  • クロレラに含まれるカロテノイドの定量とケン化反応による濃縮
  • クロレラ ニ フクマレル カロテノイド ノ テイリョウ ト ケンカ ハンノウ ニ ヨル ノウシュク

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Carotenoids are natural pigments found in plants, seaweeds, algae and bacteria. It is well know that carotenoids have physiological effects such as provitamin activity and antioxidative effect. Among carotenoids, -carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin are popular carotenoids in green leafy vegetables and green microalgae. Furthermore, violaxanthin and neoxanthin are also contained as minor carotenoids. These carotenoids are currently expected to exhibit health beneficial effects depend on their unique structure. However, there are only a few reports of quantitative analysis of neoxanthin and violaxanthin in microalgae. In the present, we therefore investigated that the carotenoid contents in Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Dunaliella salina, which are green microalgae, comparing their contents of green leafy vegetables. 9’-cis-Neoxanthin in Chlorella pyrenoidosa was high level of 120.9 g/g dry wt as same as that in Brassica rapa var. chinensis or Ocimum basilicum, while violaxanthin content was low. The content of lutein + zeaxanthin was 1125.2 g/g dry wt in Chlorella pyrenoidosa, which was the same level as Allium tuberosum. or Allium fistulosum. -Carotene content in Dunaliella salina was approximately 100-fold compared to green leafy vegetables. On the other hand, the carotenoids in total lipid from Chlorella pyrenoidosa was markedly concentrated in recovered lipid after saponification with potassium hydroxide. After 24 h saponification, the concentration of 9’-cis-neoxanthin in recovered lipid increased approximately 7.5-folds higher than that of chlorella lipid. Futhermore, total carotenoids concentration in the recovered lipid reached to 9.5-fold higher than that of chlorella lipid. These results show that chlorella lipid is a useful resource for 9’-cis-neoxanthin. Saponification is an effective method to concentrate 9’-cis-neoxanthin in chlorella lipid.

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