{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050303465332492416.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kagawa-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/2000747"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1038/s41598-022-15512-z"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-15512-z.pdf"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-15512-z"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1165188/v1"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.48550/arxiv.2111.00377"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"PMID","@value":"35789196"}}],"resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","dc:title":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Urban spatial structures from human flow by Hodge–Kodaira decomposition"}],"dc:language":"en","description":[{"type":"Abstract","notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"どこからどこへ何人移動したかを示す「人々の移動行動データ」より、各エリアの人流を引き寄せる力である「ポテンシャル場」を抽出し定量化する手法を発表した。これにより、人流の全体像や人流の集積地点の発展を、地図上で可視化し直観的に把握することが可能となった。"}]},{"type":"Abstract","notation":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Human flow in cities indicates social activity and can reveal urban spatial structures based on human behaviours for relevant applications. Scalar potential is a mathematical concept that, when properly applied, can provide an intuitive view of human flow. However, the definition of such a potential in terms of the origin-destination flow matrix and its feasibility remain unresolved. In this case, we use Hodge–Kodaira decomposition, which uniquely decomposes a matrix into a potential-driven (gradient) flow and a curl flow. We depict the potential landscapes in cities resulting from commuting flow and reveal how the landscapes have either changed or remained unchanged by years or methods of transportation. We then determine how well the commuting flow is described by the potential, by evaluating the percentage of the gradient component for metropolitan areas in the USA and show that the gradient component is almost 100% in several areas; in other areas, however, the curl component is dominant, indicating the importance of circular flow along with triangles of places. The potential landscape provides an easy-to-use visualisation tool for showing the attractive places of human flow and will help in a variety of applications such as commerce, urban design, and epidemic spreading."}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1420001326230787712","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"30553284"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000030553284"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000003538896"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000364780016"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000412144626"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000311069804"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000401949506"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000023868428"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000412144157"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000413386388"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000412144570"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000017172503"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000412140101"},{"@type":"RESEARCHMAP","@value":"https://researchmap.jp/TAoki"}],"foaf:name":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Aoki, Takaaki"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"青木, 高明"},{"@language":"ja-Kana","@value":"アオキ, タカアキ"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"20452322"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Scientific reports"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"Springer Nature"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2022-07-04","prism:volume":"12","prism:startingPage":"11258","jpcoar:numPages":"10"},"reviewed":"false","dcterms:accessRights":"http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2","dc:rights":["This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made."],"url":[{"@id":"https://kagawa-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/2000747"},{"@id":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-15512-z.pdf"},{"@id":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-15512-z"}],"foaf:topic":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Applied%20mathematics","dc:title":"Applied mathematics"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Civil%20engineering","dc:title":"Civil engineering"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Complex%20networks","dc:title":"Complex networks"}],"dcterms:subject":[{"subjectScheme":"Other","notation":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Applied mathematics"}]},{"subjectScheme":"Other","notation":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Civil engineering"}]},{"subjectScheme":"Other","notation":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Complex 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