{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360002216618518656.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1021/ar300120y"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ar300120y"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"PMID","@value":"24383129"}}],"resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","dc:title":[{"@value":"Nanographene and Graphene Edges: Electronic Structure and Nanofabrication"}],"description":[{"notation":[{"@value":"Graphene can be referred to as an infinite polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) consisting of an infinite number of benzene rings fused together. However, at the nanoscale, nanographene's properties lie in between those of bulk graphene and large PAH molecules, and its electronic properties depend on the influence of the edges, which disrupt the infinite π-electron system. The resulting modulation of the electronic states depends on whether the nanographene edge is the armchair or zigzag type, corresponding to the two fundamental crystal axes. In this Account, we report the results of fabricating both types of edges in the nanographene system and characterizing their electronic properties using a scanning probe microscope. We first introduce the theoretical background to understand the two types of finite size effects on the electronic states of nanographene (i) the standing wave state and (ii) the edge state which correspond to the armchair and zigzag edges, respectively. Most importantly, characterizing the standing wave and edge states could play a crucial role in understanding the chemical reactivity, thermodynamic stability and magnetism of nanosized graphene--important knowledge in the design and realization of promising functionalized nanocarbon materials. In the second part, we present scanning probe microscopic characterization of both edge types to experimentally characterize the two electronic states. As predicted, we find the armchair-edged nanographene to have an energetically stable electronic pattern. The zigzag-edged nanographene shows a nonbonding (π radical) pattern, which is the source of the material's electronic and magnetic properties and its chemical activity. Precise control of the edge geometry is a practical requirement to control the electronic structure. We show that we can fabricate the energetically unstable zigzag edges using scanning probe manipulation techniques, and we discuss challenges in using these techniques for that purpose."}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1420282801189526016","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"70422558"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000070422558"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000345318401"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000237751522"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000415056827"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000258183948"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000239571000"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000401746577"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000024958004"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000401989164"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000279639765"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000310333603"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000257729062"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000025108145"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000401739097"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000241195480"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000241173763"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000345256997"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000402042651"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000401978425"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000402047101"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000002106574"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000025108012"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000345257157"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000025108291"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000402040786"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000018756891"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000272989414"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000413502441"},{"@type":"RESEARCHMAP","@value":"https://researchmap.jp/fujii.s.af"}],"foaf:name":[{"@value":"Shintaro Fujii"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380566394757968256","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Toshiaki Enoki"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"00014842"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"15204898"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Accounts of Chemical Research"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"American Chemical Society (ACS)"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2012-11-21","prism:volume":"46","prism:number":"10","prism:startingPage":"2202","prism:endingPage":"2210"},"reviewed":"false","url":[{"@id":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ar300120y"}],"createdAt":"2012-11-21","modifiedAt":"2023-04-14","project":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040000782025178368","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"20001006"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP20001006"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-20001006/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"ナノグラフェンの端の精密科学：エッジ状態の解明と機能"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Physical chemistry of nanographene edges:edge states and their electronic and magnetic functions"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040000782271477504","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"25790002"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP25790002"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-25790002/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"グラフェンエッジ状態の精密エッジ化学"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Chemistry of graphene edges"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040282257159465984","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"23750150"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP23750150"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-23750150/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"酸化構造を鋳型としたグラフェン端の作製と評価"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Nanofabrication and electronic investigation of oxidized graphene edges"}]}],"relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050001202741623296","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal 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