{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360003446841183104.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1143/jjap.31.1059"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1143/JJAP.31.1059"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1143/JJAP.31.1059/pdf"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"NAID","@value":"210000031783"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"Low-Loss Channel Waveguides in MgO:LiNbO<sub>3</sub> and LiTaO<sub>3</sub> by Pyrophosphoric Acid Proton Exchange"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:p> \n   The characteristics of proton-exchanged MgO-doped LiNbO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> (MgO:LiNbO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>) and LiTaO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> waveguides fabricated by the pyrophosphoric acid process are reported. Using this process, low-loss (0.4 dB/cm) channel waveguides in MgO:LiNbO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> have been realized at 633 nm without annealing. The optical damage in MgO:LiNbO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> waveguides at 441.6 nm wavelength is lower than that obtained in LiNbO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>. For LiTaO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>, by annealing, low-loss (0.3 dB/cm) channel waveguides can be fabricated by pyrophosphoric acid proton exchange. No optical damage was observed in the LiTaO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> waveguides even when the incident power was above 1 mW at 442 nm. \n </jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1583668928009654913","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000401627352"}],"foaf:name":[{"@value":"Kazuhisa Yamamoto"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380579813826109825","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Kiminori Mizuuchi Kiminori Mizuuchi"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380579813826109824","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Tetsuo Taniuchi Tetsuo Taniuchi"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"00214922"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"13474065"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Japanese Journal of Applied Physics"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"IOP Publishing"}],"prism:publicationDate":"1992-04-01","prism:volume":"31","prism:number":"4R","prism:startingPage":"1059"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["https://iopscience.iop.org/page/copyright","https://iopscience.iop.org/info/page/text-and-data-mining"],"url":[{"@id":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1143/JJAP.31.1059"},{"@id":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1143/JJAP.31.1059/pdf"}],"createdAt":"2005-02-23","modifiedAt":"2022-12-06","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360013337757372928","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Optimization of the Čerenkov sum-frequency generation in proton-exchanged Mg:LiNbO3 channel waveguides"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360016869070809216","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Characteristics of pyrophosphoric acid proton-exchanged waveguides in LiNbO3"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360284921816728448","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Electrooptic Coefficient r<sub>33</sub> in Proton-Exchanged z-Cut LiTaO<sub>3</sub> Waveguides"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360292619913282816","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Blue light generated by frequency doubling of laser diode light in a lithium niobate channel waveguide"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360298341075469056","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Characterization of proton-exchange and annealed LiNbO_3 waveguides with pyrophosphoric acid"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360298341097819136","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Characterization of proton-exchanged waveguides in 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