{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360004229806071680.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1002/2016ja022465"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2F2016JA022465"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2016JA022465"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/2016JA022465"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2016JA022465"}}],"resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","dc:title":[{"@value":"O<sup>+</sup> ion beams reflected below the Martian bow shock: MAVEN observations"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>We investigate a generation mechanism of O<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> ion beams observed above the Martian bow shock by analyzing ion velocity distribution functions (VDFs) measured by the Suprathermal and Thermal Ion Composition instrument on the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) spacecraft. In the solar wind near Mars, MAVEN often observes energetic O<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> ion beams (~10 keV or higher). Accompanied with the O<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> ion beam events, we sometimes observe characteristic ion VDFs in the magnetosheath: a partial ring distribution. The partial ring distribution corresponds to pickup ions with a finite initial velocity (i.e., not newborn pickup ions), and its phase space density is much smaller than that of local pickup O<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> ions of the magnetosheath. Thus, the partial ring distribution is most likely produced by the reflection of pickup O<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> ions precipitating from the upstream solar wind below the bow shock. After being injected into the magnetosheath from the solar wind, the precipitating O<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> ions are subject to the significantly enhanced magnetic field in this region and start to gyrate around the guiding center of the plasma frame in the magnetosheath. Consequently, a part of precipitating O<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> ions are reflected back to the solar wind, generating O<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> beams in the solar wind. The beams direct quasi‐sunward near the subsolar region but have large angle with respect to the sunward direction at high solar zenith angles (>50°). The reflected O<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> beams are accelerated by the convection electric field of the solar wind and may escape Mars.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380004229806071684","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"K. Masunaga"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380004229806071685","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"K. Seki"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380004229806071682","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"D. A. Brain"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics University of Colorado Boulder  Boulder Colorado USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380004229806071553","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"X. Fang"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics University of Colorado Boulder  Boulder Colorado USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380004229806071680","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Y. Dong"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics University of Colorado Boulder  Boulder Colorado USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380004229806071681","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"B. M. Jakosky"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics University of Colorado Boulder  Boulder Colorado USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380004229806071552","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"J. P. McFadden"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Space Science Laboratory University of California  Berkeley California USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380004229806071554","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"J. S. Halekas"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Iowa  Iowa City Iowa USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380004229806071683","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"J. E. P. Connerney"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center  Greenbelt Maryland USA"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"21699380"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"21699402"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2016-04","prism:volume":"121","prism:number":"4","prism:startingPage":"3093","prism:endingPage":"3107"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor"],"url":[{"@id":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2F2016JA022465"},{"@id":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2016JA022465"},{"@id":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/2016JA022465"},{"@id":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2016JA022465"}],"createdAt":"2016-03-23","modifiedAt":"2023-09-07","project":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040000781796807680","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"14J03613"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP14J03613"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14J03613/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"金星電離大気流出成分及び流出量の太陽風変動依存性の解明"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040000781829286912","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"15H03731"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP15H03731"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15H03731/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"火星大気流出における領域間結合の役割の研究"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Role of vertical coupling on the atmospheric escape from Mars"}]}],"relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050307746540945536","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"The Mars system revealed by the Martian Moons eXploration mission"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360011143688519936","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Variability of the altitude of the Martian sheath"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360011143693714048","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Disappearing induced magnetosphere at Venus: Implications for close‐in exoplanets"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360011145933728256","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"MAVEN insights into oxygen pickup ions at 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