{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360004229808199808.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1002/2017ja024260"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2F2017JA024260"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2017JA024260"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/2017JA024260"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2017JA024260"}}],"resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","dc:title":[{"@value":"Vertical rise velocity of equatorial plasma bubbles estimated from Equatorial Atmosphere Radar (EAR) observations and HIRB model simulations"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The vertical rise velocity (<jats:italic>V</jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>r</jats:italic></jats:sub>) and maximum altitude (<jats:italic>H</jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>m</jats:italic></jats:sub>) of equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) were estimated using the two‐dimensional fan sector maps of 47 MHz Equatorial Atmosphere Radar (EAR), Kototabang, during May 2010 to April 2013. A total of 86 EPBs were observed out of which 68 were postsunset EPBs and remaining 18 EPBs were observed around midnight hours. The vertical rise velocities of the EPBs observed around the midnight hours are significantly smaller (~26–128 m/s) compared to those observed in postsunset hours (~45–265 m/s). Further, the vertical growth of the EPBs around midnight hours ceases at relatively lower altitudes, whereas the majority of EPBs at postsunset hours found to have grown beyond the maximum detectable altitude of the EAR. The three‐dimensional numerical high‐resolution bubble (HIRB) model with varying background conditions are employed to investigate the possible factors that control the vertical rise velocity and maximum attainable altitudes of EPBs. The estimated rise velocities from EAR observations at both postsunset and midnight hours are, in general, consistent with the nonlinear evolution of EPBs from the HIRB model. The smaller vertical rise velocities (<jats:italic>V</jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>r</jats:italic></jats:sub>) and lower maximum altitudes (<jats:italic>H</jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>m</jats:italic></jats:sub>) of EPBs during midnight hours are discussed in terms of weak polarization electric fields within the bubble due to weaker background electric fields and reduced background ion density levels.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380004229808199936","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"S. Tulasi Ram"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Indian Institute of Geomagnetism  Navi Mumbai India"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380004229808199938","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"K. K. Ajith"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Indian Institute of Geomagnetism  Navi Mumbai India"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380004229808199808","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"T. Yokoyama"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology  Tokyo Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380004229808199939","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"M. Yamamoto"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere Kyoto University  Kyoto Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380004229808199940","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"K. Niranjan"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Department of Physics Andhra University  Visakhapatnam India"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"21699380"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"21699402"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2017-06","prism:volume":"122","prism:number":"6","prism:startingPage":"6584","prism:endingPage":"6594"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor"],"url":[{"@id":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2F2017JA024260"},{"@id":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2017JA024260"},{"@id":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/2017JA024260"},{"@id":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2017JA024260"}],"createdAt":"2017-05-24","modifiedAt":"2023-09-05","project":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040000781924275456","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"16K17814"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP16K17814"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16K17814/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"電離圏擾乱の赤道－中緯度間結合と日本上空の電離圏への影響の解明"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Ionospheric irregularities in low-mid latitudes and effects over Japanese ionosphere"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040282256801950080","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"15H02135"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP15H02135"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15H02135/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"新・衛星＝地上ビーコン観測と赤道大気レーダーによる低緯度電離圏の時空間変動の解明"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Study of spatio-temporal fluctuation of low latitude ionosphere by using new satellite-ground beacon observation and Equatorial Atmospheric Radar"}]}],"relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050282810705997952","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"On the application of differential phase measurements to study the zonal large scale wave structure (LSWS) in the ionospheric electron content"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360001114027745408","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Control of the seasonal and longitudinal occurrence of equatorial scintillations by the longitudinal gradient in integrated <i>E</i> region Pedersen conductivity"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360002214348512384","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Characteristics of large‐scale wave structure observed from African and Southeast Asian longitudinal sectors"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360004229802318720","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Nonlinear growth, bifurcation, and pinching of equatorial plasma bubble simulated by three‐dimensional high‐resolution bubble model"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360004229802359296","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Explicit characteristics of evolutionary‐type plasma bubbles observed from Equatorial Atmosphere Radar during the low to moderate solar activity years 2010–2012"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360011144310357248","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The motion of depleted plasma regions in the equatorial ionosphere"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360011145123843456","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Linear theory and modeling of the Rayleigh‐Taylor instability leading to the occurrence of equatorial spread <i>F</i>"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360285708265262720","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"On postmidnight low-latitude ionospheric irregularities during solar minimum: 2. 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