{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360004229808766848.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1002/2017jc013002"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2F2017JC013002"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"http://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/chorus/v1/articles/10.1002%2F2017JC013002"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2017JC013002"}}],"resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","dc:title":[{"@value":"Slow acidification of the winter mixed layer in the subarctic western <scp>N</scp>orth <scp>P</scp>acific"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>We used carbon dioxide (CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>) system data collected during 1999–2015 to investigate ocean acidification at time series sites in the western subarctic region of the North Pacific Ocean. The annual mean pH at station K2 decreased at a rate of 0.0025 ± 0.0010 year<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> mostly in response to oceanic uptake of anthropogenic CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>. The Revelle factor increased rapidly (0.046 ± 0.022 year<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>), an indication that the buffering capacity of this region of the ocean has declined faster than at other time series sites. In the western subarctic region, the pH during the winter decline at a slower rate of 0.0008 ± 0.0004 year<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>. This was attributed to a reduced rate of increase of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and an increase of total alkalinity (TA). The reduction of DIC increase was caused by the decline of surface water density associated with the pycnocline depression and the reduction of vertical diffusion flux from the upper pycnocline. These physical changes were probably caused by northward shrinkage of the western subarctic gyre and global warming. Meanwhile, the contribution of the density decline to the TA increase is canceled out by that of the reduced vertical diffusive flux. We speculated that the winter TA increase is caused mainly by the accumulation of TA due to the weakened calcification by organisms during the winter.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1420564276184004224","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"30415989"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000030415989"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000022039624"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000333918117"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000002003114"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000381452530"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000369734669"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000414810726"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000342446171"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000398608235"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000001423533"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000398611022"},{"@type":"RESEARCHMAP","@value":"https://researchmap.jp/mwakita"}],"foaf:name":[{"@value":"Masahide Wakita"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Mutsu Institute for Oceanography, Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology Mutsu Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380004229808766853","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Akira Nagano"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Research and Development Center for Global Change, Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology Yokosuka Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380004229808766722","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Tetsuichi Fujiki"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Research and Development Center for Global Change, Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology Yokosuka Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380004229808766852","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Shuichi Watanabe"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Mutsu Institute for Oceanography, Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology Mutsu Japan"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"21699275"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"21699291"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2017-08","prism:volume":"122","prism:number":"8","prism:startingPage":"6923","prism:endingPage":"6935"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor"],"url":[{"@id":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2F2017JC013002"},{"@id":"http://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/chorus/v1/articles/10.1002%2F2017JC013002"},{"@id":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2017JC013002"}],"createdAt":"2017-08-03","modifiedAt":"2023-09-09","project":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040000781833841408","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"15H05822"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP15H05822"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PLANNED-15H05822/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"北太平洋の海洋低次生態系とその変動機構の解明"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Change in lower trophic ecosystem and its complex mechanism in the North Pacific"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040282256803392512","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"15H02835"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP15H02835"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15H02835/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"北太平洋西部亜寒帯循環域の特異な海洋酸性化と生物への影響評価に関する研究"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Ocean acidification in the subarctic western North Pacific Ocean and its impact on marine biology"}]}],"relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050300291284014336","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Assessing impacts of coastal warming, acidification, and deoxygenation on Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) farming: a case study in the Hinase area, Okayama Prefecture, and Shizugawa Bay, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan"},{"@value":"Assessing impacts of coastal warming, acidification, and deoxygenation on 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