{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360004233292478464.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1029/2018jd028564"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1029%2F2018JD028564"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2018JD028564"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"HANDLE","@value":"10220/46323"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"HANDLE","@value":"10356/89660"}}],"resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","dc:title":[{"@value":"Constraining the Emission of Particulate Matter From Indonesian Peatland Burning Using Continuous Observation Data"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Tropical peatland, which dominantly distributes in Indonesia and Malaysia, has experienced recurring fires in the last few decades. Constraining the enhancement ratios and emission factors of gas and particulate matter emitted by the wildfires is necessary to evaluate their environmental and climatic impacts. We analyzed continuous observation data at Pekanbaru in Indonesia and Muar in Malaysia to investigate the emissions of gas and particulate matter. The enhancement ratios of particulate matter to carbon monoxide (PM<jats:sub>10</jats:sub>/CO) of wildfires in Riau province in June 2013 and February–March 2014 were analyzed. The PM<jats:sub>10</jats:sub>/CO ratios of peatland burning plumes ranged from 77 to 97 μg mg<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> for the event in June 2013, whereas the corresponding value was 127 μg mg<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> in February–March 2014. These enhancement ratios were translated to the emission factors of particulate matter using previous data on the emission factors of CO, assuming that secondary formation was ignorable. The estimated emission factors for PM<jats:sub>10</jats:sub> were 13 ± 2 g kg<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> (2013) and 19 ± 2 g kg<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> (2014). These values are comparable to those reported by recent field observations in Indonesia and Malaysia (17.3 ± 6.0 to 34.4 ± 18.8 g kg<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>). The estimated emission factors from both the present study and recent field work are consistently higher than that used in the current emission inventory, which suggests that it should be updated. A caveat for this analysis is possible influence of secondary formation, which will still be needed to be investigated in future studies.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380004233292478466","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Mikinori Kuwata"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Earth Observatory of Singapore and Asian School of the Environment Nanyang Technological University  Singapore"},{"@value":"Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE) Program  Singapore"},{"@value":"Center for Southeast Asian Studies Kyoto University  Kyoto Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380298337479642752","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Gautham‐Giri Neelam‐Naganathan"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Integrated Science and Engineering Division and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei University  Seoul South Korea"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380004233292478473","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Takuma Miyakawa"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Research and Development Center for Global Change Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)  Yokohama Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380004233292478338","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Md Firoz Khan"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Centre for Tropical Climate Change System, Institute of Climate Change Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia  Bangi Malaysia"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380004233292478478","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Osamu Kozan"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Center for Southeast Asian Studies Kyoto University  Kyoto Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380004233292478722","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Masahiro Kawasaki"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Center for Southeast Asian Studies Kyoto University  Kyoto Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380004233292478468","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Syahrial Sumin"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Environmental Agency  Pekanbaru City Indonesia"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380004233292478592","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Mohd Talib Latif"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia  Bangi Malaysia"}]}],"contributor":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1893116917426312451","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Asian School of the Environment"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1893116917426312456","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Earth Observatory of Singapore"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"2169897X"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"21698996"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2018-09-06","prism:volume":"123","prism:number":"17","prism:startingPage":"9828","prism:endingPage":"9842"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor"],"url":[{"@id":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1029%2F2018JD028564"},{"@id":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2018JD028564"}],"createdAt":"2018-08-18","modifiedAt":"2023-09-09","foaf:topic":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Carbon%20Monoxide","dc:title":"Carbon Monoxide"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Peatland","dc:title":"Peatland"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=DRNTU::Science::Chemistry","dc:title":"DRNTU::Science::Chemistry"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=:Science::Chemistry%20%5BDRNTU%5D","dc:title":":Science::Chemistry [DRNTU]"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=520","dc:title":"520"}],"project":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040282256975412864","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"18K04509"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP18K04509"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-18K04509/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"データベースをつうじた地域と科学の知の統合による気候応答型居住環境の創出"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Creation of Climate Responding Living Environment through the Integration of Local and Scientific Wisdom"}]}],"relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050306506456891648","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Characteristics of fire-generated gas emission observed during a large peatland fire in 2009 at Kalimantan, Indonesia"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050845763140696704","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal 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