{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360004239494718080.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.3390/ijms19051322"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/5/1322/pdf"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"PMID","@value":"29710829"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"HANDLE","@value":"11343/254885"}}],"resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","dc:title":[{"@value":"Effect of Glutathione Bio-Molecule on Tooth Discoloration Associated with Silver Diammine Fluoride"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:p>This study evaluated the effect of Glutathione (GSH) bio-molecule on the reduction of enamel and dentin discoloration after application of 38% silver diammine fluoride solution (SDF). One hundred and twenty bovine teeth specimens were used. The enamel and dentin specimens were divided into three groups: (1) SDF only (control); (2) SDF followed by application of a potassium iodide solution (KI); and (3) SDF mixed with 20% GSH. Half the specimens were exposed to light and the remainder kept in dark conditions (n = 10) Color changes were measured using a spectrophotometer at the following time intervals: before solution application (baseline) and immediately after application, then 3, 6, 24, 48, 72 h, and 7, 10 and 14 days. SEM/EDS analysis was performed on treated enamel and dentin. Statistical analysis was done using a repeated measures ANOVA test. The spectrophotometer results showed that the SDF group exhibited the greatest color changes under both light exposed and dark conditions, while SDF + GSH group was effective in decreasing the color changes in both light and dark conditions. The SDF + KI group showed an insignificant color changes over time. SEM/EDS analysis showed different patterns for the silver crystal formation in each group (SDF, SDF + GSH, and SDF + KI group). It was concluded GSH can effectively minimize color changes after application of SDF, especially on enamel and to a lesser extent on dentin.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380004239494718210","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Mahmoud Sayed"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 113-8510 Tokyo, Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1030848083587057536","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"10754963"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000010754963"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000413251956"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000399760787"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000402250646"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000413252345"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000414834767"}],"foaf:name":[{"@value":"Naoko Matsui"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Oral Restitution Department, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8549 Tokyo, Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1420845751148634880","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"20567747"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000020567747"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000366510221"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000257184867"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000404538129"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000018973520"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000415199603"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000399760788"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000006986658"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000412282323"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000399235914"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000413252349"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000411569285"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000364636952"},{"@type":"RESEARCHMAP","@value":"https://researchmap.jp/noriko-hiraishi"}],"foaf:name":[{"@value":"Noriko Hiraishi"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 113-8510 Tokyo, Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380004239494718083","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Toru Nikaido"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Oral Restitution Department, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8549 Tokyo, Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380863720023213066","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Michael F. Burrow"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1420001326232369280","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"50171567"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000050171567"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000413251955"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000347642900"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000409210048"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000413252351"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000300214913"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000254970196"}],"foaf:name":[{"@value":"Junji Tagami"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Oral Restitution Department, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8549 Tokyo, Japan"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"14220067"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"MDPI AG"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2018-04-29","prism:volume":"19","prism:number":"5","prism:startingPage":"1322"},"reviewed":"false","dcterms:accessRights":"http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2","dc:rights":["https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"],"url":[{"@id":"https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/5/1322/pdf"}],"createdAt":"2018-04-30","modifiedAt":"2025-10-11","foaf:topic":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=silver%20diammine%20fluoride;%20glutathione;%20discoloration;%20spectrophotometer","dc:title":"silver diammine fluoride; glutathione; discoloration; spectrophotometer"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Silver%20Compounds","dc:title":"Silver Compounds"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Glutathione","dc:title":"Glutathione"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=630","dc:title":"630"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Article","dc:title":"Article"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Quaternary%20Ammonium%20Compounds","dc:title":"Quaternary Ammonium Compounds"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Dentin","dc:title":"Dentin"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Animals","dc:title":"Animals"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Tooth%20Discoloration","dc:title":"Tooth Discoloration"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Cattle","dc:title":"Cattle"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Fluorides,%20Topical","dc:title":"Fluorides, Topical"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Dental%20Enamel","dc:title":"Dental Enamel"}],"project":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040000781917557888","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"16K11542"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP16K11542"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16K11542/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"還元型グルタチオンの歯髄保護効果：歯科保存修復への応用"},{"@language":"en","@value":"2. 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