{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360005515917586944.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1007/s10236-020-01344-w"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10236-020-01344-w.pdf"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10236-020-01344-w/fulltext.html"}}],"resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","dc:title":[{"@value":"Mixed layer deepening due to wind-induced shear-driven turbulence and scaling of the deepening rate in the stratified ocean"}],"description":[{"notation":[{"@value":"Wind-induced mixing forms the surface mixed layer (ML) above the stratified interior oceans. The ML depth (MLD), a key quantity for several upper ocean processes such as the air-sea interaction and primary production of phytoplankton biomass, is often scaled as $U_{*}/\\sqrt {Nf}$, where U∗ is the friction velocity, N is the Brunt-Vaisala frequency, and f is the Coriolis parameter. Here, we performed large-eddy simulations (LESs) to evaluate this scaling. It was found that the ML deepens rapidly until one-half inertial period (0.5Tf) by which the MLD becomes $1.6 - 1.7 U_{*}/\\sqrt {Nf}$. Thereafter, the ML deepening slows down but never stops, and the MLD keeps increasing gradually. The MLDs at Tf, 1.5Tf, and 5Tf become greater than those at 0.5Tf by 6.2 %, 16 %, and 40 %, respectively. Therefore, time-dependent scaling of the MLD is necessary for more quantitative estimates than the classical theory. LESs performed with several U∗, N, and f showed that the deepening rate of the ML depends on the Rossby number and the Froude number. The present study proposes time-dependent scalings of the ML deepening rate and the MLD as a function of the Rossby number and the Froude number, which cover the classical scaling but can be extended even after 0.5Tf."}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380005515917587074","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Yusuke Ushijima"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380005515917586817","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Yutaka Yoshikawa"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"16167341"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"16167228"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Ocean Dynamics"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2020-01-25","prism:volume":"70","prism:number":"4","prism:startingPage":"505","prism:endingPage":"512"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["http://www.springer.com/tdm","http://www.springer.com/tdm"],"url":[{"@id":"http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10236-020-01344-w.pdf"},{"@id":"http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10236-020-01344-w/fulltext.html"}],"createdAt":"2020-01-25","modifiedAt":"2021-01-24","project":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040282256810563968","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"15H05824"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP15H05824"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PLANNED-15H05824/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"鉛直混合の素過程の解明とその定式化"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Dynamical analysis of diapycnal mixing processes in the ocean toward the formulation of their accurate parameterizations"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040282256872634880","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"16H02226"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP16H02226"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16H02226/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"海峡力学過程の統合と解剖"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Synthesis and anatomy of the strait dynamics"}]}],"relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050282810784924160","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Scaling Surface Mixing/Mixed Layer Depth under Stabilizing Buoyancy Flux"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050574257199720320","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Nonlinearly interacting entrainment due to shear and convection in the surface ocean"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360011144294902016","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Evaluation of Planetary Boundary Layer Parameterizations in Tropical Cyclones by Comparison of In Situ Observations and High-Resolution Simulations of Hurricane Isabel (2003). 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