{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360021391866489344.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.3389/fspas.2023.1107605"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspas.2023.1107605/full"}}],"resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","dc:title":[{"@value":"Distinctive response of thermospheric cooling to ICME and CIR-driven geomagnetic storms"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:p>The temporal response of thermospheric CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> and NO cooling emissions is investigated during ICME and CIR-driven geomagnetic storms by using data from the SABER instrument onboard the TIMED, GRACE, and DMSP satellites. The superposed epoch analysis reveals that the cooling emissions experience a strong enhancement and quick recovery to pre-event value within 3–4 days during CME storms. Whereas, it shows slower recovery that lasts for more than 6–7 days during CIR-driven storms. We performed detailed study of NO cooling emission owing to the fact that the production of NO depends on the external energy input. The different response of thermospheric NO cooling during CME and CIR storms can be attributed to differences in precipitation of particle (electron and ion) fluxes. A strong correlation with a positive timelag is observed between NO cooling emission and Dst index, coupling functions and particle flux. Further, the correlation between NO cooling flux and particle flux displays a distinct and stronger correlation during CIR storms as compared to CME. This study also shows that the Newell coupling function (normalized cross-correlation, r = 0.90 for CME and r = 0.92 for CIR) and the Akasofu parameter (r = 0.92 for CME, r = 0.76 for CIR) are better correlated with NO cooling flux, respectively, during CIR- and ICME-driven storms.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1030578437512035968","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Tikemani Bag"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380021391866489365","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Diptiranjan Rout"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380021391866489249","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Y. Ogawa"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380021391866489356","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Vir Singh"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"2296987X"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"Frontiers Media SA"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2023-01-13","prism:volume":"10"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"],"url":[{"@id":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspas.2023.1107605/full"}],"createdAt":"2023-01-13","modifiedAt":"2023-01-13","project":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040003825717554944","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"20H00192"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP20H00192"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-20H00192/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"地球型惑星の比較に基づく惑星大気・宇宙環境に固有磁場強度が与える影響に関する研究"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Study on effects of the intrinsic magnetic field strength on planetary atmospheres and space environments based on comparisons of terrestrial planets"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040569382225733632","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"21H04520"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP21H04520"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-21H04520/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"極域における地球電離大気流出のエネルギー源"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Study on energy sources of escaping ions in the polar regions"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040858829284561536","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"22KF0368"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP22KF0368"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-22KF0368/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"機械学習を用いた磁気圏-電離圏-熱圏間のエネルギー伝搬に基づく熱圏冷却の予測"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Prediction of thermospheric cooling based on magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere energy propagation using machine learning"}]}],"relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050002213030547072","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Characteristics of CME‐and CIR‐Driven Ion Upflowsin the Polar Ionosphere"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360021392639418880","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"On the increases in nitric oxide density at midlatitudes during ionospheric storms"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360021392654747392","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Influence of solar variability on the infrared radiative cooling of the thermosphere from 2002 to 2014"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360021392654749056","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Localized thermosphere ionization events during the high‐speed stream interval of 29 April to 5 May 2011"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360021392655602560","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Solar‐terrestrial coupling: Low‐latitude thermospheric nitric oxide"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360021393307163264","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Solar wind flow angle and geoeffectiveness of corotating interaction regions: First results"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360021393307318016","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Absorption and emission by carbon‐dioxide in the mesosphere"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360021396156971904","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Understanding the Behaviors of Thermospheric Nitric Oxide Cooling During the 15 May 2005 Geomagnetic Storm"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360021396156973056","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"SABER Observation of Storm‐Time Hemispheric Asymmetry in Nitric Oxide Radiative Emission"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360021396342260352","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Ionization by energetic protons in Thermosphere‐Ionosphere Electrodynamics General Circulation Model"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360021396342263040","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Enhanced ionosphere‐magnetosphere data from the DMSP satellites"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360025430649635456","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Enhanced response of thermospheric cooling emission to negative pressure pulse"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360294646096307968","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Solar wind stream interaction regions throughout the heliosphere"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360302865721616000","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Response Time of Joule Heating Rate and Nitric Oxide Cooling Emission During Geomagnetic Storms: Correlated Ground‐Based and Satellite Observations"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360302867616136704","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Diurnal Variation of Height‐Distributed Nitric Oxide Radiative Emission During November 2004 Superstorm"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360302867626700288","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Global observations of nitric oxide in the thermosphere"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360302867626701312","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Infrared radiation in the thermosphere at the onset of solar cycle 24"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360302867626703104","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Effects of Energetic Electron and Proton Precipitations on Thermospheric Nitric Oxide Cooling During Shock‐Led Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360302871323406976","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"A comparison of the effects of CIR‐ and CME‐induced geomagnetic activity on thermospheric densities and spacecraft orbits: Statistical studies"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360302871323408128","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The global infrared energy budget of the thermosphere from 1947 to 2016 and implications for solar variability"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360302871324518528","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Estimation of energy budget of ionosphere-thermosphere system during two CIR-HSS events: observations and modeling"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360302871498271744","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Thermospheric damping response to sheath‐enhanced geospace storms"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360302871498674432","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Kinetic temperature and carbon dioxide from broadband infrared limb emission measurements taken from the TIMED/SABER instrument"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360584346480144384","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Comparison of a thermospheric photochemical model with Student Nitric Oxide Explorer (SNOE) observations of nitric oxide"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360584346480146816","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Energy input into the upper atmosphere associated with high-speed solar wind streams in 2005"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360584346480673792","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Nuclear Transcripts of Mouse Heavy Chain Immunoglobulin Genes Contain Only the Expressed Class of C-Region Sequences"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360853567699482240","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Estimating Satellite Orbital Drag During Historical Magnetic Superstorms"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360855568930185984","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Magnetospheric energy budget and the epsilon parameter"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360855570459245696","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Energy coupling between the solar wind and the magnetosphere"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360857596676586880","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Proton impact ionization and a fast calculation method"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360857597092676096","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Ionospheric response to CIR‐induced recurrent geomagnetic activity during the declining phase of solar cycle 23"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360865815700710400","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Thermospheric NO Cooling during an Unusual Geomagnetic Storm of 21–22 January 2005: A Comparative Study between TIMED/SABER Measurements and TIEGCM Simulations"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360865819410258176","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Joule heating and nitric oxide in the thermosphere, 2"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360869854357090304","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Thermospheric NO Cooling During 2003 October “Halloween Storm”: Revisited"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360869855119720448","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Impact of interplanetary shock on nitric oxide cooling emission: A superposed epoch study"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361137045360722176","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Thermosphere Global Time Response to Geomagnetic Storms Caused by Coronal Mass Ejections"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361137045645851392","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"A study of geomagnetic storms"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361418519726647936","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Extreme Poynting flux in the dayside thermosphere: Examples and statistics"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361418520040318848","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The natural thermostat of nitric oxide emission at 5.3 μm in the thermosphere observed during the solar storms of April 2002"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361699993947502848","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Observations of interaction regions and corotating shocks between one and five AU: Pioneers 10 and 11"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361981468355873664","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Impact of CIR Storms on Thermosphere Density Variability during the Solar Minimum of 2008"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361981470337421824","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Thermospheric nitric oxide response to shock‐led storms"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362262943860867840","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Parameterization of monoenergetic electron impact ionization"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362262945041133952","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Differences between CME‐driven storms and CIR‐driven storms"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362544418618650880","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Interplanetary energy flux associated with magnetospheric substorms"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362544418916416128","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The SuperMAG data processing technique"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362544419406864384","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Auroral production of nitric oxide measured by the SNOE satellite"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362544420259016064","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"A comparison of the effects of CIR‐ and CME‐induced geomagnetic activity on thermospheric densities and spacecraft orbits: Case studies"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363107368459054464","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Thermospheric and geomagnetic responses to interplanetary coronal mass ejections observed by ACE and GRACE: Statistical results"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363670318234871808","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Corotating solar wind streams and recurrent geomagnetic activity: A review"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363670320647104384","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Geoefficiency and energy partitioning in CIR-driven and CME-driven storms"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363670320683021696","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"A nearly universal solar wind‐magnetosphere coupling function inferred from 10 magnetospheric state variables"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363670320957263232","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Density and Winds in the Thermosphere Deduced from Accelerometer Data"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363951794923786752","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Observations of infrared radiative cooling in the thermosphere on daily to multiyear timescales from the TIMED/SABER instrument"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1364233268631393536","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Thermospheric Heating and Cooling Times During Geomagnetic Storms, Including Extreme Events"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1364233268640422784","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"A model of nitric oxide in the lower thermosphere"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1364233268989112320","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Nitric oxide cooling in the terrestrial thermosphere"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1370021391866489239","@type":"Product","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"TIMED instruments"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/2051714792015347840","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Evidence for presence of a global quasi-resonant mode of oscillations during high-intensity long-duration continuous AE activity (HILDCAA) events"}]}],"dataSourceIdentifier":[{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.3389/fspas.2023.1107605"},{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"PRODUCT-25119477"},{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"PRODUCT-25152635"},{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"PRODUCT-25197725"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1038/s41598-024-60471-2_references_DOI_TNw62ubqD5EYQl7yHVoO4jsIwTy"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2023ja032072_references_DOI_TNw62ubqD5EYQl7yHVoO4jsIwTy"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.3390/atmos14030556_references_DOI_TNw62ubqD5EYQl7yHVoO4jsIwTy"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2024ja032805_references_DOI_TNw62ubqD5EYQl7yHVoO4jsIwTy"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.08.005_references_DOI_TNw62ubqD5EYQl7yHVoO4jsIwTy"}]}