{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360021391872648960.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1029/2023sw003720"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2023SW003720"}}],"resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","dc:title":[{"@value":"Machine Learning‐Based Emulator for the Physics‐Based Simulation of Auroral Current System"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Using a machine learning technique called echo state network (ESN), we have developed an emulator to model the physics‐based global magnetohydrodynamic simulation results of REPPU (REProduce Plasma Universe) code. The inputs are the solar wind time series with date and time, and the outputs are the time series of the ionospheric auroral current system in the form of two‐dimensional (2D) patterns of field‐aligned current, potential, and conductivity. We mediated a principal component analysis for a dimensionality reduction of the 2D map time series. In this study, we report the latest upgraded Surrogate Model for REPPU Auroral Ionosphere version 2 (SMRAI2) with significantly improved resolutions in time and space (5 min in time, ∼1° in latitude, and 4.5° in longitude), where the dipole tilt angle is also newly added as one of the input parameters to reproduce the seasonal dependence. The fundamental dependencies of the steady‐state potential and field‐aligned current patterns on the interplanetary magnetic field directions are consistent with those obtained from empirical models. Further, we show that the ESN‐based emulator can output the AE index so that we can evaluate the performance of the dynamically changing results, comparing with the observed AE index. Since the ESN‐based emulator runs a million times faster than the REPPU simulation, it is promising that we can utilize the emulator for the real‐time space weather forecast of the auroral current system as well as to obtain large‐number ensembles to achieve future data assimilation‐based forecast.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380021391872648961","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Ryuho Kataoka"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"National Institute of Polar Research  Tachikawa Japan"},{"@value":"SOKENDAI  Tachikawa Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380021391872648960","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Aoi Nakamizo"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology  Koganei Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380021391872648964","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Shinya Nakano"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"SOKENDAI  Tachikawa Japan"},{"@value":"The Institute of Statistical Mathematics  Tachikawa Japan"},{"@value":"Center for Data Assimilation Research and Applications Joint Support Center for Data Science Research  Tachikawa Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380021391872648962","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Shigeru Fujita"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"The Institute of Statistical Mathematics  Tachikawa Japan"},{"@value":"Center for Data Assimilation Research and Applications Joint Support Center for Data Science Research  Tachikawa Japan"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"15427390"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"15427390"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Space Weather"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2024-01","prism:volume":"22","prism:number":"1"},"reviewed":"false","dcterms:accessRights":"http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2","dc:rights":["http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"],"url":[{"@id":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2023SW003720"}],"createdAt":"2024-01-02","modifiedAt":"2024-03-05","project":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040299826879836800","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"23K24810"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP23K24810"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-23K24810/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"多粒子モデルへの適用を目指した新たなデータ同化技術の開発"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Development of a novel data assimilation technique for application to particle-based simulation models"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040854882528245376","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"22K03707"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP22K03707"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-22K03707/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"オーロラ嵐時の電離圏全球電場構造・電流クロージャー形成の解明"}]}],"relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050001335818917376","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Substorm simulation: Insight into the mechanisms of initial brightening"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050282813187215104","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"New diagnosis for energy flow from solar wind to ionosphere during substorm: Global MHD simulation"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050845760748973440","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Substorm simulation: Formation of westward traveling surge"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360011142935405568","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Generation mechanisms for magnetosphere‐ionosphere current systems deduced from a three‐dimensional MHD simulation of the solar wind‐magnetosphere‐ionosphere coupling processes"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360017279836344064","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Reservoir computing with diverse timescales for prediction of multiscale dynamics"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360017280631315456","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Unified Theory of the Arc Auroras: Formation Mechanism of the Arc Auroras Conforming General Principles of Convection and FAC Generation"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360285704782985216","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Formation of the Sun‐aligned arc region and the void (polar slot) under the null‐separator structure"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360285707369452160","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Recent advances in physical reservoir computing: A review"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360302867634575872","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Reduced Order Probabilistic Emulation for Physics‐Based Thermosphere Models"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360574094027757952","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Modeling the dynamics of the inner magnetosphere during strong geomagnetic storms"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360574095014909440","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Harnessing Nonlinearity: Predicting Chaotic Systems and Saving Energy in Wireless Communication"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360580229797360384","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Unexpected space weather causing the reentry of 38 Starlink satellites in February 2022"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360580230594858368","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Probabilistic modelling of substorm occurrences with an echo state network"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360584340723921408","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Machine learning emulator for physics-based prediction of ionospheric potential response to solar wind variations"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360848658222065152","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Cooperatives Roles of Dynamics and Topology in Generating the Magnetosphere‐Ionosphere Disturbances: Case of the Theta Aurora"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360855569550586112","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Current systems in the Jovian magnetosphere"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360855569750463616","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Maps of ionospheric field‐aligned currents as a function of the interplanetary magnetic field derived from Dynamics Explorer 2 data"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360855570107989248","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Space physics coordinate transformations: A user guide"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360857593667332608","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Echo state network model for analyzing solar-wind effects on the AU and AL indices"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361137044387447168","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Improved ionospheric electrodynamic models and application to calculating Joule heating rates"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361699995060729088","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"A three‐dimensional MHD simulation of the interaction of the solar wind with the Earth's magnetosphere: The generation of field‐aligned currents"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361699995625869312","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Substorm Auroral Dynamics Reproduced by Advanced Global Magnetosphere−Ionosphere (M–I) Coupling Simulation"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362262943840710016","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"An improved model of ionospheric electric potentials including substorm perturbations and application to the Geospace Environment Modeling November 24, 1996, event"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362544419577522176","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The effects on the Earth's magnetotail from shocks in the solar wind"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362544421177386880","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Lognormal distributions and spectra of solar wind plasma fluctuations: Wind 1995–1998"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363388844128425472","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Seasonal variations in diffuse, monoenergetic, and broadband aurora"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363670321101238656","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Large‐scale characteristics of field‐aligned currents associated with substorms"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363951795904721792","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Development of the 3‐D MHD model of the solar corona‐solar wind combining system"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1364233270646997120","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Finding Structure with Randomness: Probabilistic Algorithms for Constructing Approximate Matrix Decompositions"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1370013168884431114","@type":"Product","relationType":["references"]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1370021391872648968","@type":"Product","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Equivalence in ground geomagnetic effect of Chapman‐Vestine's and Birkeland‐Alfven's current systems for polar magnetic storms"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1370021391872648995","@type":"Product","relationType":["references"]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390282681485728640","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Horizontal Wind Systems in the Ionospheric <i>E</i> Region Deduced from the Dynamo Theory of the Geomagnetic <i>S<sub>q</sub></i> Variation"},{"@value":"Horizontal Wind Systems in the Ionospheric E Region Deduced from the Dynamo Theory of the Geomagnetic Sq Variation"},{"@value":"Horizontal Wind Systems in the Ionospheric E Region Deduced from the Dynamo Theory of the Geomagnetic Sq Variation Part III"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1572261548986837120","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Generalized theorem for no ground magnetic effect of vertical currents connected with Pedersen currents in the uniform-conductivity ionosphere"},{"@value":"Generalized theorem for no ground magnetic effect of vertical currents connected with Pedersen currents in the uniform‐conductivity ionosphere"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/2050307416982589824","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Extreme geomagnetically induced currents"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/2051714792003415808","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"A framework for estimating spherical vector fields using localized basis functions and its application to SuperDARN data processing"}]}],"dataSourceIdentifier":[{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2023sw003720"},{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"PRODUCT-25284266"},{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"PRODUCT-24909186"}]}