{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360021394465674496.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1038/s41433-021-01547-5"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41433-021-01547-5.pdf"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41433-021-01547-5"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"A review of acquired blepharoptosis: prevalence, diagnosis, and current treatment options"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Blepharoptosis (ptosis) is among the most common disorders of the upper eyelid encountered in both optometric and ophthalmic practice. The unilateral or bilateral drooping of the upper eyelid that characterises ptosis can affect appearance and impair visual function, both of which can negatively impact quality of life. While there are several known forms of congenital ptosis, acquired ptosis (appearing later in life, due to a variety of causes) is the predominant form of the condition. This review summarises the prevalence, causes, identification, differential diagnosis, and treatment of acquired ptosis. Particular attention is paid to the differential diagnosis of acquired ptosis and emerging treatment options, including surgical and pharmacologic approaches.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380021394465674626","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Jason Bacharach"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380021394465674624","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Wendy W. Lee"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380021394465674625","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Andrew R. Harrison"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380021394465674496","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Thomas F. Freddo"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"0950222X"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"14765454"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Eye"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2021-04-29","prism:volume":"35","prism:number":"9","prism:startingPage":"2468","prism:endingPage":"2481"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],"url":[{"@id":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41433-021-01547-5.pdf"},{"@id":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41433-021-01547-5"}],"createdAt":"2021-04-29","modifiedAt":"2022-12-25","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360865815483131136","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Growth of muscles and nerves in the upper eyelid: a morphometrical and immunohistochemical study using term human fetuses"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360869855137704576","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Association between ocular diseases and screen time and sedentary time derived from job-exposure matrices"}]}],"dataSourceIdentifier":[{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1038/s41433-021-01547-5"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1007/s00276-024-03308-x_references_DOI_TVKJKGZrLqspXA1NwtLyLDfFT0V"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1038/s41598-024-74854-y_references_DOI_TVKJKGZrLqspXA1NwtLyLDfFT0V"}]}