Anatomy and development of the extrahepatic biliary system in mouse and rat: a perspective on the evolutionary loss of the gallbladder
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- Hiroki Higashiyama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
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- Masami Kanai‐Azuma
- Center for Experimental Animals Tokyo Medical and Dental University Bunkyo‐ku Tokyo Japan
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- Masamichi Kurohmaru
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
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- Hitomi Igarashi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
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- Yoshiakira Kanai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
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- Mami Uemura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
書誌事項
- 公開日
- 2017-10-10
- 資源種別
- journal article
- 権利情報
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- http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor
- DOI
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- 10.1111/joa.12707
- 公開者
- Wiley
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説明
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The gallbladder is the hepatobiliary organ for storing and secreting bile fluid, and is a synapomorphy of extant vertebrates. However, this organ has been frequently lost in several lineages of birds and mammals, including rodents. Although it is known as the traditional problem, the differences in development between animals with and without gallbladders are not well understood. To address this research gap, we compared the anatomy and development of the hepatobiliary systems in mice (gallbladder is present) and rats (gallbladder is absent). Anatomically, almost all parts of the hepatobiliary system of rats are topographically the same as those of mice, but rats have lost the gallbladder and cystic duct completely. During morphogenesis, the gallbladder–cystic duct domain (Gb–Cd domain) and its primordium, the biliary bud, do not develop in the rat. In the early stages, <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">SOX</jats:styled-content>17, a master regulator of gallbladder formation, is positive in the murine biliary bud epithelium, as seen in other vertebrates with a gallbladder, but there is no <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">SOX</jats:styled-content>17‐positive domain in the rat hepatobiliary primordia. These findings suggest that the evolutionary loss of the Gb–Cd domain should be translated simply as the absence of a biliary bud at an early stage, which may correlate with alterations in regulatory genes, such as <jats:italic>Sox17</jats:italic>, in the rat. A <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">SOX</jats:styled-content>17‐positive biliary bud is clearly definable as a developmental module that may be involved in the frequent loss of gallbladder in mammals.</jats:p>
収録刊行物
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- Journal of Anatomy
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Journal of Anatomy 232 (1), 134-145, 2017-10-10
Wiley
