{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360286996579073536.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1175/mwr-d-18-0412.1"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"http://journals.ametsoc.org/mwr/article-pdf/147/9/3391/4862313/mwr-d-18-0412_1.pdf"}}],"resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","dc:title":[{"@value":"Environmental Conditions for Nighttime Offshore Migration of Precipitation Area as Revealed by In Situ Observation off Sumatra Island"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The diurnal cycle over tropical coastal waters is characterized by offshore migration of precipitation area during nighttime. This study analyzes in situ observational data collected during the YMC-Sumatra 2017 field campaign around the western coast of Sumatra Island, Indonesia, to examine the offshore migration phenomenon during 5–31 December 2017, when the Research Vessel Mirai was deployed about 90 km off the coast to perform observation. The offshore migration is observed in only less than a half of the 27 days. A comparison of radiosonde data at the vessel between days with and without the offshore migration reveals that vertical wind shear in the lower troposphere is a key environmental condition. In late afternoon of the days with the offshore migration, offshore (northeasterly) wind shear with height with considerable magnitude is observed, which is due to weaker daily mean southwesterly wind in the lower free troposphere, stronger southwesterly wind in the boundary layer, and sea breeze. As this condition is considered favorable for regeneration of convective cells to the offshore side of old ones, these results support an idea that the regeneration process is critical for the offshore migration. The Madden–Julian oscillation and cold surges play some roles in the weakening of the free-tropospheric wind. The migration speed is estimated at 2–3 m s−1, which is lower than that observed in another field campaign conducted in 2015 (Pre-YMC 2015). This difference is partly due to the difference in the environmental wind in the lower to midtroposphere.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1420282801208459904","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"40431902"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000040431902"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000257768582"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000258521866"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000001341696"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000257768324"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000004618035"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000392039327"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000006350876"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000391675072"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000283236838"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000413545669"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000016772685"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363488245"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000020466219"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000345427504"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000314065176"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000413943259"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000403551950"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000283593858"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000411568370"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000409315528"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363504640"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000257767951"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000403550275"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000016613196"},{"@type":"RESEARCHMAP","@value":"https://researchmap.jp/satoruyokoi"}],"foaf:name":[{"@value":"Satoru Yokoi"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka, Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380286996579073542","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Shuichi Mori"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka, Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380286996579073541","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Fadli Syamsudin"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology, Jakarta, Indonesia"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380286996579073536","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Urip Haryoko"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Meteorological, Climatological and Geophysical Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380286996579073672","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Biao Geng"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka, Japan"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"00270644"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"15200493"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Monthly Weather Review"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"American Meteorological Society"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2019-08-30","prism:volume":"147","prism:number":"9","prism:startingPage":"3391","prism:endingPage":"3407"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["http://www.ametsoc.org/PUBSReuseLicenses"],"url":[{"@id":"http://journals.ametsoc.org/mwr/article-pdf/147/9/3391/4862313/mwr-d-18-0412_1.pdf"}],"createdAt":"2019-07-08","modifiedAt":"2020-12-07","project":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040000781911349888","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"16K05560"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP16K05560"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16K05560/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"全球雲システム解像気候モデルによる極端降水強度の将来変化予測"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Future projection of extreme precipitation intensity using a global cloud-system resolving model"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040282256875755904","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"16H04048"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP16H04048"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16H04048/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"YMC観測と気象・気候モデルを複合的に利用した海洋大陸上のMJO変質過程の解明"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Understanding the qualitative change of the MJO over the maritime continents by using the YMC observation and a meteorological model"}]}],"relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1051693803343107968","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Meridional march of diurnal rainfall over Jakarta, Indonesi a, observed with a C-band Doppler radar: An overview of the HARIMAU2010 campaign"},{"@value":"Diurnal land–sea rainfall peak migration over Sumatera Island, Indonesian maritime continent, observed by TRMM 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Part I: Structure and Time Variation of the Clouds and Precipitation"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361137045704762496","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission observation and regional model study of precipitation diurnal cycle in the New Guinean region"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361412893058201216","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"How Does the Air‐Sea Coupling Frequency Affect Convection During the MJO Passage?"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361418520089522944","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Northeasterly Cold Surges and Near-Equatorial Disturbances over the Winter MONEX Area during December 1974. Part I: Synoptic Aspects"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361699993914744960","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Propagating diurnal disturbances embedded in the Madden‐Julian Oscillation"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361699995813055104","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Evolution of the Diurnal Precipitation Cycle with the Passage of a Madden–Julian Oscillation Event through the Maritime Continent"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361699995978066176","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"A Theory for Strong, Long-Lived Squall Lines"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361699996278855936","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Intraseasonal Variability in Diurnal Rainfall over New Guinea and the Surrounding Oceans during Austral Summer"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361981469883680256","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Diurnal Patterns of Rainfall in Northwestern South America. 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Campaign"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390001206505609216","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Diurnal Cycle of Cloud System Migration over Sumatera Island"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390003825187065856","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Diurnal Variation of Surface Heat Fluxes off the West Coast of Sumatra Island as Revealed by In Situ Observation"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390003825190409856","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"An Attempt to Retrieve Continuous Water Vapor Profiles in Marine Lower Troposphere Using Shipboard Raman/Mie Lidar System"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390282681480041600","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal 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Relationship to Precipitation Patterns"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390282681482119296","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"The JRA-55 Reanalysis: General Specifications and Basic Characteristics"},{"@value":"Relationship between the CI-number and central pressure and maximum wind speed in typhoons"},{"@value":"The JRA‐55 reanalysis: General specifications and basic characteristics"},{"@value":"Projected changes in precipitation characteristics around Japan under the global warming (in Japanese)"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390581766248779520","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Precipitation Diurnal Cycle over Tropical Coastal Regions Represented in Climate Experiments with a Global Cloud-System Resolving 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