{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360290617632431232.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.5194/acp-20-10587-2020"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/20/10587/2020/acp-20-10587-2020.pdf"}}],"resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","dc:title":[{"@value":"Model Inter-Comparison Study for Asia (MICS-Asia) phase III: multimodel comparison of reactive nitrogen deposition over China"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:p>Abstract. Atmospheric nitrogen deposition in China has attracted public attention in recent years due to the\nincreasing anthropogenic emission of reactive nitrogen (Nr) and its impacts on the\nterrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. However, limited long-term and multisite measurements have\nrestrained the understanding of the mechanism of the Nr deposition and the\nchemical transport model (CTM) improvement. In this study, the performance of the simulated wet\nand dry deposition for different Nr species, i.e., particulate NO3- and\nNH4+, gaseous NOx, HNO3 and NH3 have been\nconducted using the framework of Model Inter-Comparison Study for Asia (MICS-Asia) phase III. A total of nine\nmodels, including five Weather Research and Forecasting models coupled with the Community Multiscale\nAir Quality (WRF-CMAQ) models, two self-developed regional models, a global model and a Regional Atmospheric Modeling System coupled with the Community Multiscale\nAir Quality (RAMS-CMAQ) model have been selected for the comparison. For wet deposition, observation data from 83 measurement sites from the East Asia Acid Deposition Monitoring Network (EANET), Chinese Ecosystem Research Network (CERN), China Agricultural University Deposition Network (CAUDN), National Acid Deposition Monitoring Network (NADMN) and Department of\nEcological Environment (DEE) of China have been collected and\nnormalized for comparison with model results. In general, most models show the consistent spatial and\ntemporal variation of both oxidized N (Nox) and reduced N (Nrd) wet\ndeposition in China, with the normalized mean error (NME) at around 50 %, which is lower than the value of 70 %\nbased on EANET observation over Asia. Both the ratio of wet or dry deposition to the total\ninorganic N (TIN) deposition and the ratios of TIN to their emissions have shown consistent\nresults with the Nationwide Nitrogen Deposition\nMonitoring Network (NNDMN) estimates. The performance of ensemble results (ENMs) was further assessed\nwith satellite measurements. In different regions of China, the results show that the simulated\nNox wet deposition was overestimated in northeastern China (NE) but underestimated in the\nsouth of China, namely southeastern (SE) and southwestern (SW) China, while the Nrd wet deposition was underestimated in all\nregions by all models. The deposition of Nox has larger uncertainties than the\nNrd, especially in northern China (NC), indicating the chemical reaction process is one of\nthe most important factors affecting the model performance. Compared to the critical load (CL) value,\nthe Nr deposition in NC, SE and SW reached or exceeded reported CL values and resulted\nin serious ecological impacts. The control of Nrd in NC and SW and Nox in SE\nwould be an effective mitigation measure for TIN deposition in these regions. The Nr deposition in\nthe Tibetan Plateau (TP) with a high ratio of TIN ∕ emission (∼3.0), indicates a significant\ntransmission from outside. Efforts to reduce these transmissions ought to be paramount due\nthe climatic importance of the Tibetan region to the sensitive ecosystems throughout China.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380290617632431232","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Baozhu Ge"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380290617632431367","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Syuichi Itahashi"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1420845751146213248","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"00391110"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000000391110"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000319050540"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000327097650"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000291603477"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000005388318"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000325832053"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000408785271"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000414939764"}],"foaf:name":[{"@value":"Keiichi Sato"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380290617632431368","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Danhui Xu"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380290617632431235","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Junhua Wang"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380290617632431361","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Fan Fan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380290617632431237","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Qixin Tan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380290617632431364","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Joshua S. Fu"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380290617632431236","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Xuemei Wang"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380290617632431363","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Kazuyo Yamaji"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380290617632431360","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Tatsuya Nagashima"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380290617632431369","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Jie Li"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1420564276169608576","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"00447939"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000000447939"},{"@type":"ORCID","@value":"0000-0002-3988-0565"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000414922560"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000370282036"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000413571071"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000001340797"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000240064542"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000396128616"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000388504680"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000399765021"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000283236920"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000021359164"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000327097696"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000327097732"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000413351938"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000399936664"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000413889003"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000022657066"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000408576237"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000286633702"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000392819242"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000258409625"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000404149119"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000404336167"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000411952324"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000402244068"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000413563302"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000327097754"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000413546394"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000409848220"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000412151312"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000408576263"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000408785277"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000402247713"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000408576318"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000388514989"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000409182178"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000273002784"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000409848246"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000327097723"},{"@type":"RESEARCHMAP","@value":"https://researchmap.jp/kajinomizuo"}],"foaf:name":[{"@value":"Mizuo Kajino"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380290617632431492","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Hong Liao"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380290617632431366","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Meigen Zhang"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380290617632431233","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Zhe Wang"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380290617632431490","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Meng Li"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380290617632431234","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Jung-Hun Woo"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380290617632431362","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Junichi Kurokawa"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380290617632431489","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Yuepeng Pan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380290617632431239","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Qizhong Wu"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380290617632431491","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Xuejun Liu"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380290617632431238","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Zifa Wang"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"16807324"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"Copernicus GmbH"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2020-09-10","prism:volume":"20","prism:number":"17","prism:startingPage":"10587","prism:endingPage":"10610"},"reviewed":"false","dcterms:accessRights":"http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2","dc:rights":["https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"],"url":[{"@id":"https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/20/10587/2020/acp-20-10587-2020.pdf"}],"createdAt":"2020-09-10","modifiedAt":"2025-01-31","foaf:topic":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Chemistry","dc:title":"Chemistry"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Physics","dc:title":"Physics"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=QC1-999","dc:title":"QC1-999"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=QD1-999","dc:title":"QD1-999"}],"project":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040000782002589440","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"18K11674"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP18K11674"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-18K11674/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"レセプターモデルと有機指標物質測定によるPM2.5長距離越境輸送寄与の解明"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Clarification of the contribution of long-range transboundary transport to PM2.5 concentrations using receptor model and organic marker measurement"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040282256990382080","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"19H01155"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP19H01155"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-19H01155/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"統合粒子モデル開発による水物質を介した気象変化と環境汚染の相乗効果の解明"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Study on interaction between environmental pollution and meteorological changes via water substances"}]}],"relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050012570392482560","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Model evaluation and intercomparison of surface-level ozone and relevant species in East Asia in the context of MICS-Asia Phase III - Part 1: Overview"},{"@value":"Model evaluation and inter‐comparison of surface‐level ozone and relevant species in East Asia in the context of MICS‐Asia phase III—Part I: Overview"},{"@value":"Model evaluation and intercomparison of surface-level ozone and relevant species in East Asia in the context of MICS-Asia Phase III—Part 1: Overview"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050294045369043968","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Why do models perform differently on particulate matter over East Asia? A multi-model intercomparison study for MICS-Asia III"},{"@value":"Why models perform differently on particulate matter over East Asia? – A multi-model intercomparison study for MICS-Asia III"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050294045369311360","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"MICS-Asia III: multi-model comparison and evaluation of aerosol over East Asia"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050575520346156160","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"MICS-Asia III: overview of model intercomparison and evaluation of acid deposition over Asia"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050869003310669568","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Modeling comparison of precipitation schemes and implications on aerosol diameter treatment for better sulfate aerosol production in the early summer rainy season over Northeast Asia"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360011142937646592","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Nitrogen Cycles: Past, Present, and Future"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360011143507673728","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"MICS-Asia II: Model intercomparison and evaluation of ozone and relevant species"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360011143710008960","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Nitrogen leaching from European forests in relation to nitrogen deposition"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360011145965827456","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Nitrogen deposition and its ecological impact in China: An overview"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360011146382768640","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Enhanced nitrogen deposition over China"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360016861552185984","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Returning long-range PM2.5 transport into the leeward of East Asia in 2021 after Chinese economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360022304974035968","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Insights into seasonal variation of wet deposition over Southeast Asia \nvia precipitation adjustment from the findings of MICS-Asia III"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360022305565747328","@type":"Article","resourceType":"preprint","relationType":["hasPreprint"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"MICS-Asia III: Multi-model comparison of reactive Nitrogen deposition over China"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360282588970195456","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"A Coherent Signature of Anthropogenic Nitrogen Deposition to Remote Watersheds of the Northern Hemisphere"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360564063987536128","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Atmospheric nitrogen deposition in world biodiversity hotspots: the need for a greater global perspective in assessing N deposition impacts"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360574092889606400","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"CHASER: A global chemical model of the troposphere 1. Model description"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360574093553418624","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Wet deposition of inorganic ions in 320 cities across China: spatio-temporal variation, source apportionment, and dominant factors"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360574093817235328","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Calculation and Mapping of Critical Loads for S, N and Acidity in China"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360574094164945536","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"A global assessment of precipitation chemistry and deposition of sulfur, nitrogen, sea salt, base cations, organic acids, acidity and pH, and phosphorus"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360574095175078400","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"MICS-Asia II: Model intercomparison and evaluation of particulate sulfate, nitrate and ammonium"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360574095432099584","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Long-range transport of acidifying substances in East Asia—Part IISource–receptor relationships"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360574095747338880","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Improved Inversion of Monthly Ammonia Emissions in China Based on the Chinese Ammonia Monitoring Network and Ensemble Kalman Filter"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360584339761740288","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Distinctive features of inorganic PM1.0 components during winter pollution events over the upwind and downwind regions in Northeast Asia"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360585257125624448","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"A 15-year record (2001–2015) of the ratio of nitrate to non-seasalt\nsulfate in precipitation over East Asia"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360848656921027584","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The contribution of site to washout and rainout: Precipitation chemistry based on sample analysis from 0.5 mm precipitation increments and numerical simulation"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360848665126414336","@type":"Article","resourceType":"preprint","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"NHM-Chem, the Japan MeteorologicalAgency's regional meteorology – chemistry model (v1.0): model description and aerosol representations"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360853567434741376","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Evaluation and uncertainty investigation of the NO\n                    <sub>2</sub>\n                    , CO and NH\n                    <sub>3</sub>\n                    modeling over China under the framework of MICS-Asia III"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360855567860641664","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Global fire emissions and the contribution of deforestation, savanna, forest, agricultural, and peat fires (1997–2009)"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360855567868353408","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Intercomparison and evaluation of global aerosol microphysical properties among AeroCom models of a range of complexity"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360855568620159488","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"China and India lead in greening of the world through land-use management"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360855568659083008","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"A nested grid formulation for chemical transport over Asia: Applications to CO"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360855569891249024","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The Piecewise Parabolic Method (PPM) for gas-dynamical simulations"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360855571182546432","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Effects of below-cloud scavenging on the regional aerosol budget in East Asia"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360855571275403008","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"N deposition as a threat to the World’s protected areas under the Convention on Biological Diversity"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361137043970875008","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Impacts of Atmospheric Anthropogenic Nitrogen on the Open Ocean"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361137044798897792","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Below-cloud wet scavenging of soluble inorganic ions by rain in Beijing during the summer of 2014"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361137045874617088","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Estimates of global terrestrial isoprene emissions using MEGAN (Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature)"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361418519089253248","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"A new lumped structure photochemical mechanism for large‐scale applications"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361418519636543616","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Transformation of the Nitrogen Cycle: Recent Trends, Questions, and Potential Solutions"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361699993370540160","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Ammonia emission control in China would mitigate haze pollution and nitrogen deposition, but worsen acid rain"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361699993384621824","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Multi-method determination of the below-cloud wet scavenging coefficients of aerosols in Beijing, China"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361699994692257792","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The Chemistry of Atmosphere-Forest Exchange (CAFE) Model – Part 2: Application to BEARPEX-2007 observations"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361699996058505344","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"ISORROPIA: A New Thermodynamic Equilibrium Model for Multiphase Multicomponent Inorganic Aerosols"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361699996062572160","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Impact of the East Asian summer monsoon on long-term variations in the acidity of summer precipitation in Central China"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361981469261820672","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"A Coupled Land-Surface and Dry Deposition Model and Comparison to Field Measurements of Surface Heat, Moisture, and Ozone Fluxes"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361981470186959232","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Trends of the precipitation acidity over China during 1992–2006"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362262944745450624","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Local Versus Nonlocal Boundary-Layer Diffusion in a Global Climate Model"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362262945485166336","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Constraints from <sup>210</sup>Pb and <sup>7</sup>Be on wet deposition and transport in a global three‐dimensional chemical tracer model driven by assimilated meteorological fields"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362262946285035520","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Acid neutralization of precipitation in Northern China"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362544420109877120","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Atmospheric nitrogen deposition in south-east Scotland: Quantification of the organic nitrogen fraction in wet, dry and bulk deposition"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362544420181249536","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Increasing importance of deposition of reduced nitrogen in the United States"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362544420466168704","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Soil Acidification in China: Is Controlling SO<sub>2</sub> Emissions Enough?"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362544420709770496","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"How a century of ammonia synthesis changed the world"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362825893365148416","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Nonnegative, Conserved Scalar Transport Using Grid-Cell-centered, Spectrally Constrained Blackman Cubics for Applications on a Variable-Thickness Mesh"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362825893580060928","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Loss of plant species after chronic low-level nitrogen deposition to prairie grasslands"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362825894843242624","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"MICS-Asia II: Model inter-comparison and evaluation of acid deposition"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362825895041052416","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"An Earth-system perspective of the global nitrogen cycle"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362825895339031168","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"NITROGEN EXCESS IN NORTH AMERICAN ECOSYSTEMS: PREDISPOSING FACTORS, ECOSYSTEM RESPONSES, AND MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363107368281891840","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Review of the Governing Equations, Computational Algorithms, and\n                    Other Components of the Models-3 Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ)\n                    Modeling System"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363107368282997504","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Washout/rainout contribution in wet deposition estimated by 0.5 mm precipitation sampling/analysis"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363107368564407168","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Source–receptor relationships of nitrate in Northeast Asia and influence of sea salt on the long-range transport of nitrate"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363107369583937024","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"A Combined Local and Nonlocal Closure Model for the Atmospheric Boundary Layer. Part I: Model Description and Testing"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363107370305161728","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"MIX: a mosaic Asian anthropogenic emission inventory under the international collaboration framework of the MICS-Asia and HTAP"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363107370627990016","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Wet and dry deposition of atmospheric nitrogen at ten sites in Northern China"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363107370781553024","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Parameterization of surface resistances to gaseous dry deposition in regional-scale numerical models"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363388844241623424","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"MICS-Asia II: Impact of global emissions on regional air quality in Asia"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363388844941167616","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Reduction of forest soil respiration in response to nitrogen deposition"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363388845215454592","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"A revised parameterization for gaseous dry deposition in air-quality models"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363388845514376960","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"A comprehensive meteorological modeling system?RAMS"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363388845826016000","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"A Combined Local and Nonlocal Closure Model for the Atmospheric Boundary Layer. Part II: Application and Evaluation in a Mesoscale Meteorological Model"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363670318586524032","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"A simple but accurate mass conservative, peak-preserving, mixing ratio bounded advection algorithm with FORTRAN code"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363670318656027520","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"ISORROPIA II: a computationally efficient thermodynamic equilibrium model for K\n                    <sup>+</sup>\n                    –Ca\n                    <sup>2+</sup>\n                    –Mg\n                    <sup>2+</sup>\n                    –NH\n                    <sub>4</sub>\n                    <sup>+</sup>\n                    –Na\n                    <sup>+</sup>\n                    –SO\n                    <sub>4</sub>\n                    <sup>2−</sup>\n                    –NO\n                    <sub>3</sub>\n                    <sup>−</sup>\n                    –Cl\n                    <sup>−</sup>\n                    –H\n                    <sub>2</sub>\n                    O aerosols"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363670319158845312","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"MICS-Asia II: The model intercomparison study for Asia Phase II methodology and overview of findings"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363670319705488640","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The Step-Mountain Eta Coordinate Model: Further Developments of the Convection, Viscous Sublayer, and Turbulence Closure Schemes"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363670320980259200","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Estimating direct and episodic atmospheric nitrogen deposition to a coastal waterbody"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363670321049251072","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Role of Ammonia on the Feedback Between AWC and Inorganic Aerosol Formation During Heavy Pollution in the North China Plain"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363951793288442112","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Global modeling of tropospheric chemistry with assimilated meteorology: Model description and evaluation"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363951795565760512","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The MICS-Asia study: model intercomparison of long-range transport and sulfur deposition in East Asia"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363951795731647616","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"PAN–Precursor Relationship and Process Analysis of PAN Variations in the Pearl River Delta Region"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363951795919990272","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Effects of simulated N deposition on photosynthesis and productivity of key plants from different functional groups of alpine meadow on Qinghai-Tibetan plateau"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363951796178882048","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Identifying Ammonia Hotspots in China Using a National Observation Network"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1364233270332330752","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Model Representation of Secondary Organic Aerosol in CMAQv4.7"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1364233270463030784","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Nitrogen burden from atmospheric deposition in East Asian oceans in 2010 based on high-resolution regional numerical modeling"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1364233270763842048","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Quantifying atmospheric nitrogen deposition through a nationwide monitoring network across China"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1364233270815174272","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Spatial distribution of the source-receptor relationship of sulfur in Northeast Asia"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390008233236903808","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"The 36-Year Historical Variation of Precipitation Chemistry during 1976-2011 at Ryori WMO-GAW Station in Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390282763122404992","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"NHM-Chem, the Japan Meteorological Agency's Regional Meteorology – Chemistry Model: Model Evaluations toward the Consistent Predictions of the Chemical, Physical, and Optical Properties of Aerosols"},{"@value":"NHM-Chem, Japan meteorological agency’s regional meteorology—Chemistry model: Model evaluations toward the consistent predictions of the chemical, physical, and optical properties of aerosols"},{"@value":"NHM-Chem, the Japan meteorological agency’s regional meteorology—chemistry model: model evaluations toward the consistent predictions of the chemical, physical, and optical properties of aerosols"}]}],"dataSourceIdentifier":[{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.5194/acp-20-10587-2020"},{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"PRODUCT-23502600"},{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"PRODUCT-23260118"},{"@type":"OPENAIRE","@value":"doi_dedup___::a358017e02b9b3591bf7262fbf2bab51"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1038/s41598-022-09388-2_references_DOI_SsQdyKP1hChEvOgaoqjpcnlQjab"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.5194/acp-2019-1083_isPreprintOf_DOI_SsQdyKP1hChEvOgaoqjpcnlQjab"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121117_references_DOI_SsQdyKP1hChEvOgaoqjpcnlQjab"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.2151/sola.2021-032_references_DOI_SsQdyKP1hChEvOgaoqjpcnlQjab"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117309_references_DOI_SsQdyKP1hChEvOgaoqjpcnlQjab"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.5194/acp-21-8709-2021_references_DOI_SsQdyKP1hChEvOgaoqjpcnlQjab"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.119943_references_DOI_SsQdyKP1hChEvOgaoqjpcnlQjab"}]}