{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360290617827441152.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134576"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0304394019306792?httpAccept=text/xml"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0304394019306792?httpAccept=text/plain"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"PMID","@value":"31654722"}}],"resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","dc:title":[{"@value":"Impaired metabolism of kynurenine and its metabolites in CSF of parkinson’s disease"}],"description":[{"notation":[{"@value":"The kynurenine (KYN) pathway plays an important role in degrading molecules responsible for oxidative stress in the central nervous system (CNS), but can also have neurotoxic effects. Both 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK) and quinolinic acid are neurotoxic metabolites produced from this pathway. In Parkinson's disease (PD), oxidative stress is suspected to represent a key pathogenic mechanism. This study aimed to investigate the function of the KYN pathway and interactions between oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in PD.Participants comprised 20 patients with PD and 13 controls. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of KYN and 3-HK were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with an electrochemical detector. CSF levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and interferon (IFN)-γ were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and results were statistically compared between PD patients and controls.Median CSF levels of KYN and 3-HK were 49.0 nM and 4.25 nM in PD and 30.5 nM and 1.55 nM in controls, respectively, showing significantly higher levels in PD (p  0.05). CSF levels of measured cytokines showed that TNF-α and IL-1β were significantly higher in PD patients than in controls. No positive correlation between 3-HK and TNF-α was seen in PD.Dysfunction of the KYN pathway may induce oxidative stress in the CNS in PD, and may also induce cytokine-mediated neuroinflammation. Functional amelioration of the KYN pathway may facilitate modification of neurodegenerative processes in PD."}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380290617827441031","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Kazuhiro Iwaoka"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380290617827441280","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Chigumi Otsuka"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1420282801211565824","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"70359496"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000070359496"},{"@type":"CINII_AUTHOR_ID","@value":"DA19544387"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA19544387#entity"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://viaf.org/viaf/NII%7CDA19544387"}],"foaf:name":[{"@value":"Tetsuya Maeda"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380290617827441297","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Kanako Yamahara"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380290617827441025","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Kanako Kato"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380290617827441289","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Kenta Takahashi"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380290617827441287","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Kai Takahashi"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380290617827441029","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Yasuo Terayama"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"03043940"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Neuroscience Letters"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"Elsevier BV"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2020-01","prism:volume":"714","prism:startingPage":"134576"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"],"url":[{"@id":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0304394019306792?httpAccept=text/xml"},{"@id":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0304394019306792?httpAccept=text/plain"}],"createdAt":"2019-10-22","modifiedAt":"2019-12-26","foaf:topic":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Inflammation","dc:title":"Inflammation"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Male","dc:title":"Male"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Interleukin-6","dc:title":"Interleukin-6"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Tumor%20Necrosis%20Factor-alpha","dc:title":"Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Interleukin-1beta","dc:title":"Interleukin-1beta"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Parkinson%20Disease","dc:title":"Parkinson Disease"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Middle%20Aged","dc:title":"Middle Aged"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Interferon-gamma","dc:title":"Interferon-gamma"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Oxidative%20Stress","dc:title":"Oxidative Stress"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Case-Control%20Studies","dc:title":"Case-Control Studies"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Cytokines","dc:title":"Cytokines"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Humans","dc:title":"Humans"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Female","dc:title":"Female"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Kynurenine","dc:title":"Kynurenine"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Metabolic%20Networks%20and%20Pathways","dc:title":"Metabolic Networks and Pathways"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Aged","dc:title":"Aged"}],"project":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040000782019094400","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"19K08001"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP19K08001"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-19K08001/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"多系統萎縮症の脳内αシヌクレイン異常凝集に対する腸内細菌叢の関与の解明"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Impact of altered gut microbiota in multiple system atrophy"}]}],"relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360011144166670336","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Effects of Kynurenine Pathway Inhibition on NAD<sup>+</sup> Metabolism and Cell Viability in Human Primary Astrocytes and Neurons"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360292619445671552","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Quinolinic acid: A potent endogenous excitant at amino acid 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neurons"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361137043811924480","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Inflammatory Process in Parkinsons Disease: Role for Cytokines"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361137045771179136","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"p53 protein, interferon-γ, and NF-κB levels are elevated in the parkinsonian brain"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361137046110101504","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Accuracy of clinical diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson's disease: a clinico-pathological study of 100 cases."}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361418518833199872","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) increases both in the brain and in the cerebrospinal fluid from parkinsonian 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