{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360294643786363648.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.3390/vaccines9070778"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/7/778/pdf"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"PMID","@value":"34358194"}}],"resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","dc:title":[{"@value":"Detection of Urinary Antibodies and Its Application in Epidemiological Studies for Parasitic Diseases"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:p>For epidemiological studies of infectious diseases, pathogen-specific antibody levels in an area give us essential and appropriate information. The antibodies against pathogens are usually detected in blood, the drawing of which inconveniences people. Collection of blood increases the risk of accidental infections through blood, and it is difficult to obtain the participation of the target populations, especially the younger generation. On the other hand, urine samples, which contain a high enough level of antibodies for ELISA, can be harmlessly and easily collected and therefore have been used for epidemiological studies for diseases. The antibody examination of urine has been used for the epidemiology of parasitic diseases with a high sensitivity and specificity of serum samples. In this paper, we reviewed antibody assays with urine for seven parasitic diseases that urine diagnostic methods have reported in the past, and these are important infections included in NTDs, caused, for example, by Leishmania donovani, Wuchereria bancrofti, Schistosoma japonicum, Paragonimus westermani, Echinococcus granulosus, Echinococcus multilocularis, Strongyloides stercoralis, and Opisthorchis viverrini. The easy and safe urine surveillance system might be an admirable tool for future epidemiological studies for infectious diseases.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1030003658751410689","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000347173455"},{"@type":"RESEARCHMAP","@value":"https://researchmap.jp/fumiaki_nagaoka"}],"foaf:name":[{"@value":"Fumiaki Nagaoka"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Aichi 480-1195, Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1420564276186452224","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"50624087"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000050624087"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000404852039"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000017563242"},{"@type":"RESEARCHMAP","@value":"https://researchmap.jp/pinkykanji"}],"foaf:name":[{"@value":"Tatsuya Yamazaki"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Aichi 480-1195, Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380294643786363650","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Sachiko Akashi-Takamura"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Aichi 480-1195, Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380294643786363652","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Makoto Itoh"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Aichi 480-1195, Japan"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"2076393X"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Vaccines"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"MDPI AG"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2021-07-12","prism:volume":"9","prism:number":"7","prism:startingPage":"778"},"reviewed":"false","dcterms:accessRights":"http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2","dc:rights":["https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"],"url":[{"@id":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/7/778/pdf"}],"createdAt":"2021-07-12","modifiedAt":"2025-10-11","foaf:topic":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=urine%20diagnosis","dc:title":"urine diagnosis"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=noninvasive%20test","dc:title":"noninvasive test"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=mass%20drug%20administration%20(MDA)","dc:title":"mass drug administration (MDA)"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=R","dc:title":"R"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=parasite%20infection","dc:title":"parasite infection"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Medicine","dc:title":"Medicine"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=urine%20ELISA","dc:title":"urine ELISA"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=neglected%20tropical%20diseases%20(NTDs)","dc:title":"neglected tropical diseases (NTDs)"}],"project":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040282256996036352","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"19K08500"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP19K08500"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-19K08500/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"脂質会合タンパクの動脈硬化における役割解明と治療応用"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Role elucidation and therapeutic application in arteriosclerosis of the lipid binding protein"}]}],"relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050001337543228800","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay to Detect Urinary Antibody Against Recombinant rKRP42 Antigen Made from Leishmania donovani for the Diagnosis of Visceral 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