{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360294742017659136.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100235"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0022227522000682?httpAccept=text/xml"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0022227522000682?httpAccept=text/plain"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"PMID","@value":"35654151"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"HANDLE","@value":"2115/87014"}}],"resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","dc:title":[{"@value":"Whole picture of human stratum corneum ceramides, including the chain-length diversity of long-chain bases"}],"description":[{"notation":[{"@value":"Ceramides are essential lipids for skin permeability barrier function, and a wide variety of ceramide species exist in the stratum corneum (SC). Although ceramides with long-chain bases (LCBs) of various lengths have been identified in the human SC, a quantitative analysis that distinguishes ceramide species with different LCB chain lengths has not been yet published. Therefore, the whole picture of human SC ceramides remains unclear. Here, we conducted LC/MS/MS analyses to detect individual ceramide species differing in both the LCB and FA chain lengths and quantified 1,327 unbound ceramides and 254 protein-bound ceramides: the largest number of ceramide species reported to date. Ceramides containing an LCB whose chain length was C16-26 were present in the human SC. Of these, C18 (28.6%) was the most abundant, followed by C20 (24.8%) and C22 (12.8%). Each ceramide class had a characteristic distribution of LCB chain lengths and was divided into five groups according to this distribution. There was almost no difference in FA composition between the ceramide species containing LCBs of different chain lengths. Furthermore, we demonstrated that one of the serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) complexes, SPTLC1/SPTLC3/SPTSSB, was able to produce C16-24 LCBs. The expression levels of all subunits constituting the SPT complexes increased during keratinocyte differentiation, resulting in the observed chain-length diversity of LCBs in the human SC. This study provides a molecular basis for elucidating human SC ceramide diversity and the pathogenesis of skin disorders."}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380294742017659138","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Madoka Suzuki"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1420001326210811264","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"50611498"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000050611498"},{"@type":"ORCID","@value":"0000-0003-3702-1043"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000313628162"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000398155678"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000410265808"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000014204168"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000018562281"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000341093271"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000239866522"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000005973477"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000242544795"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000406034126"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000351083204"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000024995491"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000016890159"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000237783122"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000412574226"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000252741150"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000239848592"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000405632888"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000006342347"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000319053461"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000409900142"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000242544802"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000288836261"},{"@type":"RESEARCHMAP","@value":"https://researchmap.jp/yusuke-ohno"}],"foaf:name":[{"@value":"Yusuke Ohno"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380294742017659136","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Akio Kihara"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"00222275"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Journal of Lipid Research"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"Elsevier BV"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2022-07","prism:volume":"63","prism:number":"7","prism:startingPage":"100235"},"reviewed":"false","dcterms:accessRights":"http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2","dc:rights":["https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/","https://www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license","http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"],"url":[{"@id":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0022227522000682?httpAccept=text/xml"},{"@id":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0022227522000682?httpAccept=text/plain"}],"createdAt":"2022-05-30","modifiedAt":"2025-09-19","foaf:topic":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=long-chain%20base","dc:title":"long-chain base"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Serine%20C-Palmitoyltransferase","dc:title":"Serine C-Palmitoyltransferase"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=QD415-436","dc:title":"QD415-436"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Ceramides","dc:title":"Ceramides"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=464","dc:title":"464"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Biochemistry","dc:title":"Biochemistry"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Permeability","dc:title":"Permeability"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Tandem%20Mass%20Spectrometry","dc:title":"Tandem Mass Spectrometry"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=epidermis","dc:title":"epidermis"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=stratum%20corneum","dc:title":"stratum corneum"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=lipidomics","dc:title":"lipidomics"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Humans","dc:title":"Humans"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=sphingolipid","dc:title":"sphingolipid"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=ceramide","dc:title":"ceramide"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=skin%20barrier","dc:title":"skin barrier"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Epidermis","dc:title":"Epidermis"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=mass%20spectrometry","dc:title":"mass spectrometry"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Research%20Article","dc:title":"Research Article"}],"project":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040010457616454016","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"22K08372"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP22K08372"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-22K08372/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"皮膚バリア脂質結合型セラミドの構造と産生経路の解明"},{"@language":"en","@value":"The structure and production pathway of skin barrier lipid protein-bound ceramide"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040291932588006144","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"22H04986"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP22H04986"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-22H04986/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"多様なセラミドによる生体バリア形成"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Formation of biological barriers by diverse ceramides"}]}],"relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050306506455311744","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Essential role of the cytochrome P450 CYP4F22 in the production of acylceramide, the key lipid for skin permeability barrier formation"},{"@value":"Essential role of the cytochrome P450 CYP4F22 in the production of acylceramide, the key lipid for skin permeability barrier formation, Proc"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050587981426296704","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Comparison of skin barrier abnormalities and epidermal ceramide profiles among three ω-O-acylceramide synthesis-deficient mouse strains"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050587981426807296","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Ceramide profiling of stratum corneum in Sjögren–Larsson syndrome"},{"@value":"Ceramide profiling of stratum corneum in Sjogren-Larsson syndrome"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050845763736064768","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Corneocyte lipid envelope (CLE), the key structure for skin barrier function and ichthyosis pathogenesis"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050867133847782144","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Lysophospholipase D from Thermocrispum limits psoriatic inflammation by hydrolyzing epidermal lysoplasmalogen produced by group IIF secreted phospholipase A2"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050869456403338880","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Metabolism of sphingadiene and characterization of the sphingadiene-producing enzyme FADS3"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360002216123245952","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Synthesis and degradation pathways, functions, and pathology of ceramides and epidermal acylceramides"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360005517024657536","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Severe Skin Permeability Barrier Dysfunction in Knockout Mice Deficient in a Fatty Acid ω-Hydroxylase Crucial to Acylceramide Production"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360011143955051008","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Cloning and Initial Characterization of a New Subunit for Mammalian Serine-palmitoyltransferase"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360011144933734528","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Serine palmitoyltransferase, a key enzyme of sphingolipid metabolism"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360011146192929792","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"A Mouse Mutation in the 12R-Lipoxygenase, Alox12b, Disrupts Formation of the Epidermal Permeability Barrier"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360017287196189312","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Subunit composition of the mammalian serine-palmitoyltransferase defines the spectrum of straight and methyl-branched long-chain bases"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360017287280563200","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Glycosphingolipids and Ceramides in Human and Pig Epidermis"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360021391870952832","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Catalytic mechanism of trans-2-enoyl-CoA reductases in the fatty acid elongation cycle and its cooperative action with fatty acid elongases"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360025430189156992","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Alteration of epidermal lipid composition as a result of deficiency in the magnesium transporter Nipal4"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360283691779567488","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"PNPLA1 has a crucial role in skin barrier function by directing acylceramide biosynthesis"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360286994708361344","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Biosynthesis of the anti‐lipid‐microdomain sphingoid base 4,14‐sphingadiene by the ceramide desaturase FADS3"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360292619160384896","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Ceramide composition of the psoriatic scale"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360292621351727872","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The SPTLC3 Subunit of Serine Palmitoyltransferase Generates Short Chain Sphingoid Bases"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360294643729678336","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Acylceramide is a key player in skin barrier function: insight into the molecular mechanisms of skin barrier formation and ichthyosis pathogenesis"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360298754838501120","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Ceramide Analysis in Combination With Genetic Testing May Provide a Precise Diagnosis for Self-Healing Collodion Babies"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360298760965718912","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Lipidomic and transcriptional analysis of the linoleoyl-omega-hydroxyceramide biosynthetic pathway in human psoriatic lesions"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360298763772340864","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Topological and Functional Characterization of the ssSPTs, Small Activating Subunits of Serine Palmitoyltransferase"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360306905172050560","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Diesel Particulate Matter Permeation into Normal Human Skin and Intervention Using a Topical Ceramide Formulation"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360565166756276352","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"PNPLA1 is a transacylase essential for the generation of the skin barrier lipid ω-O-acylceramide"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360567181948868096","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The role of PNPLA1 in ω-O-acylceramide synthesis and skin barrier function"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360567181974992640","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The Long-Chain Sphingoid Base of Ceramides Determines Their Propensity for Lateral Segregation"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360567185946430976","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Impaired Epidermal Permeability Barrier in Mice Lacking <i>Elovl1</i>, the Gene Responsible for Very-Long-Chain Fatty Acid Production"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360572092768970496","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Comparative profiling and comprehensive quantification of stratum corneum ceramides in humans and mice by LC/MS/MS"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360574094611503872","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The important role of stratum corneum lipids for the cutaneous barrier function"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360574095709809280","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Ceramides Are Bound to Structural Proteins of the Human Foreskin Epidermal Cornified Cell Envelope"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360574095999001344","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Phase Behavior of Stratum Corneum Lipid Mixtures Based on Human Ceramides: The Role of Natural and Synthetic Ceramide 1"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360580230629141376","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Bifunctional DEGS2 has higher hydroxylase activity toward substrates with very-long-chain fatty acids in the production of phytosphingosine ceramides"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360580235202879872","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Fatty acids and long-chain bases of gangliosides of human gastrointestinal mucosa"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360584340709117440","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Determining the structure of protein-bound ceramides, essential lipids for skin barrier function"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360587984078525056","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Correlations between Skin Condition Parameters and Ceramide Profiles in the Stratum Corneum of Healthy Individuals"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360848658342025728","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Interferon-γ Decreases Ceramides with Long-Chain Fatty Acids: Possible Involvement in Atopic Dermatitis and Psoriasis"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360848661022242688","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"De novo mutation in <i>ELOVL1</i> causes ichthyosis, <i>acanthosis nigricans</i>, hypomyelination, spastic paraplegia, high frequency deafness and optic atrophy"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360855568506319232","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"1-(3′-O-acyl)-β-glucosyl-N-dihydroxypentatria-contadienoylsphingosine, a major component of the glucosylceramides of pig and human epidermis"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360855569772943616","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Epithelial barrier repair and prevention of allergy"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360869454372790144","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Relationship between time-dependent epidermal ceramide composition changes and skin barrier function in adult mice"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361131421495240832","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"SDR9C7 catalyzes critical dehydrogenation of acylceramides for skin barrier formation"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361418518488698752","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Gas-chromatography/mass-spectrometry analysis of human skin constituents as heptafluorobutyrate derivatives with special reference to long-chain bases"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361418520979061120","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Characterization of overall ceramide species in human stratum corneum"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361699994083763840","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Lipoxygenase-3 (ALOXE3) and 12(R)-lipoxygenase (ALOX12B) are mutated in non-bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (NCIE) linked to chromosome 17p13.1"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361975843698928640","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Skin permeability barrier formation by the ichthyosis-causative gene\n            <i>FATP4</i>\n            through formation of the barrier lipid ω-\n            <i>O</i>\n            -acylceramide"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361981469249460224","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Human skin barrier structure and function analyzed by cryo-EM and molecular dynamics simulation"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361981469868801024","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Profiling and Characterizing Skin Ceramides Using Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography–Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361981470394339072","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Decreased Level of Ceramides in Stratum Corneum of Atopic Dermatitis: An Etiologic Factor in Atopic Dry Skin?"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362262944548160768","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Thematic Review Series: Sphingolipids. Biodiversity of sphingoid bases (“sphingosines”) and related amino alcohols"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362262946354413824","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Profiling of human stratum corneum ceramides by means of normal phase LC/APCI–MS"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362544418954781696","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The human skin microbiome"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362544419489774720","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Formation and functions of the corneocyte lipid envelope (CLE)"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362544421310760192","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Lipidomics reveals a remarkable diversity of lipids in human 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