The levels of IL-1β and soluble IL-1 receptors in patients with IgG4-related periaortitis/periarteritis

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IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a chronic fibrotic inflammatory and an immune-mediated disease characterized by high serum IgG4 concentration and IgG4-bearing plasma cell infiltration in affected organs. IgG4-related periaortitis/periarteritis is a recently identified disease entity in IgG4-RD that affects the cardiovascular system, and its pathogenesis and characteristics remain unclear. The inflammatory cytokine IL-1β is involved in a variety of cellular activities including inflammation, fibrosis, and angiogenesis. The present study compared the levels of the inflammatory cytokine IL-1β and two soluble IL-1 receptors, IL-1R1 and IL-1R2, between IgG4-RD patients with and without IgG4-related periaortitis/periarteritis.The patients with IgG4-related periaortitis/periarteritis (n ​= ​38), those without (n ​= ​66) and healthy (n ​= ​33) were recruited to measure cytokines of IL-1β and soluble receptors (sIL-1R1 and sIL-1R2) in sera by ELISA assay.Serum IgG4 was significantly higher in patients with periaortitis/periarteritis compared to non-periaortitis/periarteritis (p ​= ​0.0074), while serum IL-1β was significantly lower in patients with periaortitis/periarteritis (p ​= ​0.00037). The three groups did not show significant difference in sIL1-R1, while sIL-1R2 in the periaortitis/periarteritis and healthy group was higher than in the group without periaortitis/periarteritis (p ​= ​0.00001).The characteristic changes in IL-1β, sIL-1R1, and sIL-1R2 levels in IgG4-RD patients with and without IgG4-related periaortitis/periarteritis may indicate an active phase of the inflammatory process in these diseases.

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