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An initial hub-spoke network is optimal if passenger differentiation between one-stop and nonstop services and via-hub time cost are small. If differentiation is substantial, a mixed one-stop and nonstop (point-to-point) network under AinA is optimal when via-hub time cost is small (large). Low-cost rivals on rim routes weaken AinA adoption and enhance welfare from a monopoly mixed network. In a perfect-substitute case, hub carriers may have excessive incentive to adopt AinA from a welfare viewpoint, especially, when low-cost rivals exist."}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1420845751136356480","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"10454547"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000010454547"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000002370759"}],"foaf:name":[{"@value":"Ming Hsin Lin"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"13665545"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"Elsevier BV"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2012-05","prism:volume":"48","prism:number":"3","prism:startingPage":"637","prism:endingPage":"651"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"],"url":[{"@id":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1366554511001402?httpAccept=text/xml"},{"@id":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1366554511001402?httpAccept=text/plain"}],"createdAt":"2011-12-30","modifiedAt":"2019-06-21","project":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040000782206004608","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"24530281"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP24530281"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-24530281/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"航空会社のＬＣＣ戦略と産業政策"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Airline' LCC strategy and industrial policy"}]}],"relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360004232416572672","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The way of offering vertically differentiated airline services"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360004232537118208","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Hub-airport congestion pricing and capacity investment"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360004232537632384","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Network competition and the difference in operating cost: Model analysis"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360011145824363136","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Entry and Exit in Hub-Spoke Networks"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360285707084281472","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Airline mergers with low cost carriers"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360292618977233792","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Airline Network Rivalry"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360292620506902656","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Compatibility and competition in airlines demand side network effects"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360567182490486784","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Airport privatization in congested hub–spoke networks"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360567185403687168","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Airline Schedule Competition and the Entry Route Choices of Low‐Cost Carriers"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360574095493551872","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Pricing strategies of low-cost airlines: The Ryanair case study"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360855568974124288","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Low-cost carriers in Asia: Deregulation, regional liberalization and secondary airports"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360855570326641152","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Do low-quality products affect high-quality entry? 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