Vitamin Status and Mineralized Tissue Development

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The physiological control of mineralized tissue development is mediated by two processes: mineralization, such as bone formation due to osteoblast activity, and mineralized tissue destruction by osteoclast bone resorption. In this system, nutritional status, including vitamin intake, influences each regulatory processes, although definite responding mechanisms in target cells vary according to each compound. In contrast with water-soluble vitamins that constant supply is required, fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamin D and K are stored in the liver and fat tissue for long time. They are metabolized into congeneric compounds with various activities to participate in the local mineralization process in the body. During physiological or non-physiological mineralization, the local actions of vitamin D and K are regulated by nutrient factor derived from dietary supply, and influenced by systemic calcium metabolism and homeostasis.

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