Case of <i>de novo</i> cerebral microbleeds in ischemic-type pediatric moyamoya disease

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<jats:sec id="st1"> <jats:title>Background: </jats:title> <jats:p>Studies on pediatric patients with moyamoya disease who presented with <jats:italic>de novo</jats:italic> cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are extremely rare.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec id="st2"> <jats:title>Case Description: </jats:title> <jats:p>Herein, we report a 7-year-old boy with moyamoya disease who had <jats:italic>de novo</jats:italic> CMBs during treatment. He presented with transient left-side motor weakness and was diagnosed with moyamoya disease. He underwent revascularization surgery on the right cerebral hemisphere. Six months after the surgery, he presented with transient right-side motor weakness and MRA revealed progression of stenosis in the left middle cerebral artery. After another 3 months, three <jats:italic>de novo</jats:italic> CMBs were identified. He underwent revascularization surgery on the left side. The symptom disappeared completely after surgery and no additional <jats:italic>de novo</jats:italic> CMBs were identified 1 year after surgery.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec id="st3"> <jats:title>Conclusion: </jats:title> <jats:p>This is the first report on <jats:italic>de novo</jats:italic> CMBs in pediatric patients. Although the significance of <jats:italic>de novo</jats:italic> CMBs in pediatric patients is completely unknown, attention should be paid to not only ischemic stroke but also hemorrhagic stroke. Although the short-term course is good in the current case, follow-up period is too short to assess for rebleeding and long-term follow-up is still important. Further, more cases should be collected.</jats:p> </jats:sec>

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