{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360580229836095616.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.3390/rs14184512"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/18/4512/pdf"}}],"resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","dc:title":[{"@value":"Fifteen-Year Trends (2005–2019) in the Satellite-Derived Ozone-Sensitive Regime in East Asia: A Gradual Shift from VOC-Sensitive to NOx-Sensitive"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:p>To mitigate tropospheric ozone (O3) pollution with proper and effective emission regulations, diagnostics for the O3-sensitive regime are critical. In this study, we analyzed the satellite-measured formaldehyde (HCHO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) column densities and derived the HCHO to NO2 ratio (FNR) from 2005 to 2019. Over China, there was a clear increase in the NO2 column during the first 5-year period and a subsequent decrease after 2010. Over the Republic of Korea and Japan, there was a continuous decline in the NO2 column over 15 years. Over the entire East Asia, a substantial increase in the HCHO column was identified during 2015–2019. Therefore, FNR increased over almost all of East Asia, especially during 2015–2019. This increasing trend in FNR indicated the gradual shift from a volatile organic compound (VOC)-sensitive to a nitrogen oxide (NOx)-sensitive regime. The long-term changes in HCHO and NO2 columns generally corresponded to anthropogenic non-methane VOC (NMVOC) and NOx emissions trends; however, anthropogenic sources did not explain the increasing HCHO column during 2015–2019. Because of the reduction in anthropogenic sources, the relative importance of biogenic NMVOC sources has been increasing and could have a larger impact on changing the O3-sensitive regime over East Asia.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380580229836095489","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Syuichi Itahashi"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Sustainable System Research Laboratory (SSRL), Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI), Abiko, Chiba 270-1194, Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1420282801208352000","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"40392956"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000040392956"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363487963"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000391408197"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000375917431"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000239585551"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000389554132"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000398153832"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000405665364"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000404513080"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000258404418"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000258406691"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000258255204"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000398788638"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000317131173"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000288832555"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000258406599"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000327098763"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000283593579"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000375859216"},{"@type":"RESEARCHMAP","@value":"https://researchmap.jp/hitoshi.irie"}],"foaf:name":[{"@value":"Hitoshi Irie"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Center for Environmental Remote Sensing (CEReS), Chiba University, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380580229836095363","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Hikari Shimadera"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380580229836095488","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Satoru Chatani"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"20724292"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Remote Sensing"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"MDPI AG"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2022-09-09","prism:volume":"14","prism:number":"18","prism:startingPage":"4512"},"reviewed":"false","dcterms:accessRights":"http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2","dc:rights":["https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"],"url":[{"@id":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/18/4512/pdf"}],"createdAt":"2022-09-13","modifiedAt":"2025-10-11","foaf:topic":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=OMI;%20HCHO;%20NO%3Csub%3E2%3C/sub%3E;%20FNR;%20ozone-sensitive%20regime;%20anthropogenic%20emissions;%20biogenic%20emissions;%20East%20Asia","dc:title":"OMI; HCHO; NO<sub>2</sub>; FNR; ozone-sensitive regime; anthropogenic emissions; biogenic emissions; East Asia"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=ozone-sensitive%20regime","dc:title":"ozone-sensitive regime"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=NO%3Csub%3E2%3C/sub%3E","dc:title":"NO<sub>2</sub>"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=FNR","dc:title":"FNR"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Science","dc:title":"Science"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=OMI","dc:title":"OMI"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Q","dc:title":"Q"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=HCHO","dc:title":"HCHO"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=anthropogenic%20emissions","dc:title":"anthropogenic emissions"}],"project":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040018351903198720","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"23K24981"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP23K24981"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-23K24981/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"低コストの受動型可視分光法による大気下層水蒸気観測技術の線状降水帯研究への新展開"},{"@language":"en","@value":"New development of the technique for observing water vapor in the lower atmosphere with low-cost passive visible 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Applying Lessons From Northeast US Air Quality Evolution"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360298761960871296","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"High-resolution biogenic global emission inventory for the time period 2000–2019 for air quality modelling"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360298762024251776","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Unveiling the dipole synergic effect of biogenic and anthropogenic emissions on ozone concentrations"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360298765102992768","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Long‐term (2005–2014) trends in formaldehyde (HCHO) columns across North America as seen by the OMI satellite instrument: Evidence of changing emissions of volatile organic compounds"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360300774704761344","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Air Pollution and Global Warming"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360302864799490048","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Effectiveness of emission controls implemented since 2000 on ambient ozone concentrations in multiple timescales in Japan: An emission inventory development and simulation study"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360568469327507712","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Inverse estimation of NO<sub>x</sub> emissions over China and India 2005–2016: contrasting recent trends and future 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