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The original datasets were subjected to exploitations and analyses upon the recalibrations of the sunspot number series. In this context, this study reviewed and analysed original sunspot records and their databases in the Kawaguchi Science Museum (KSM) in Japan. KSM hosts sunspot drawings and logbooks from 1972 to 2013. This dataset has a longer chronological coverage than what was known to the scientific community (1981–2010). These records have been digitized and publicized in a museum database, which allows users to access individual sunspot drawings and numerical data in KSM logbooks. These records are highly homogeneous as a single observer's dataset (Hitoshi Takuma), who used a 15‐cm refractor at the Kawaguchi Juvenile Museum in 1972–2003 and a 20‐cm refractor at KSM in 2003–2013. We also reviewed the Takuma data series, his monthly observation days (21.3 days/month), sunspot number in the whole disk and each hemisphere, and sunspot positions in a butterfly diagram. We also assessed Takuma's data stability in comparison with the international sunspot number and reference datasets of the SILSO. Takuma's data appear stable until 2003, when he changed the observation site and instrument. His data stability was quantitatively compared with the SILSO reference datasets, confirming the substantial long‐term stability of the data and establishing its reliability as an alternative reference for sunspot number recalibration.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1420003854339339392","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"10879787"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000010879787"},{"@type":"ORCID","@value":"0000-0001-5370-3365"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000414093084"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000411521568"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000329020814"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000414093063"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000415345098"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000413742903"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000413501579"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000310328326"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000414368601"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000414093070"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000414093080"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000410919517"},{"@type":"RESEARCHMAP","@value":"https://researchmap.jp/hisashi.hayakawa"}],"foaf:name":[{"@value":"Hisashi Hayakawa"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Institute for Space‐Earth Environmental Research Nagoya University  Nagoya Japan"},{"@value":"Institute for Advanced Research Nagoya University  Nagoya Japan"},{"@value":"Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Space Physics and Operations Division RAL Space, Science and Technology Facilities Council  Didcot UK"},{"@value":"Nishina Centre  Riken Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380580232391663361","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Daisuke Suzuki"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Kawaguchi Science Museum  Kawaguchi Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380580232391663232","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Sophie Mathieu"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"World Data Center SILSO Royal Observatory of Belgium  Brussels Belgium"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380580232391663363","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Laure Lefèvre"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"World Data Center SILSO Royal Observatory of Belgium  Brussels Belgium"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380580232391663362","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Hitoshi Takuma"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Kawaguchi Science Museum  Kawaguchi Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380580232391663360","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Eijiro Hiei"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"National Astronomical Observatory of Japan  Mitaka Japan"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"20496060"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"20496060"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Geoscience Data Journal"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"Wiley"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2022-12-26","prism:volume":"10","prism:number":"1","prism:startingPage":"87","prism:endingPage":"98"},"reviewed":"false","dcterms:accessRights":"http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2","dc:rights":["http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"],"url":[{"@id":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/gdj3.158"},{"@id":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/gdj3.158"},{"@id":"https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/gdj3.158"}],"createdAt":"2022-12-27","modifiedAt":"2023-08-20","foaf:topic":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=QE1-996.5","dc:title":"QE1-996.5"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=solar%E2%80%90terrestrial%20interaction","dc:title":"solar‐terrestrial interaction"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Meteorology.%20Climatology","dc:title":"Meteorology. Climatology"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=data%20rescue","dc:title":"data rescue"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=solar%20variability","dc:title":"solar variability"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Geology","dc:title":"Geology"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=historical%20records","dc:title":"historical records"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=QC851-999","dc:title":"QC851-999"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=sunspot","dc:title":"sunspot"}],"project":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040285696972300672","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"20H05643"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP20H05643"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-20H05643/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"過去1万年間の太陽活動"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Solar activity over the past 10,000 years"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040287907245265792","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"21K13957"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP21K13957"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-21K13957/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"同時代黒点観測の歴史的文書に基づくダルトン極小期復元の試験的検討"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Preliminary Analyses for Reconstructions of the Dalton Minimum, Based on the Contemporaneous Sunspot Observational Records"}]}],"relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360016862282528640","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Katsue Misawa's sunspot observations in 1921–1934: a primary reference for the Wolfer–Brunner transition"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Hayakawa, H., Suyama, T., Clette, F., Bhattacharya, S., Lefèvre, L., Ohnishi, K. 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