{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361137044451392000.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1002/2016gb005547"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2F2016GB005547"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2016GB005547"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/2016GB005547"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1002/2016GB005547"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2016GB005547"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"Mixed‐layer carbon cycling at the Kuroshio Extension Observatory"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Seven years of data from the NOAA Kuroshio Extension Observatory (KEO) surface mooring, located in the North Pacific Ocean carbon sink region, were used to evaluate drivers of mixed‐layer carbon cycling. A time‐dependent mass balance approach relying on two carbon tracers was used to diagnostically evaluate how surface ocean processes influence mixed‐layer carbon concentrations over the annual cycle. Results indicate that the annual physical carbon input is predominantly balanced by biological carbon uptake during the intense spring bloom. Net annual gas exchange that adds carbon to the mixed layer and the opposing influence of net precipitation that dilutes carbon concentrations make up smaller contributions to the annual mixed‐layer carbon budget. Decomposing the biological term into annual net community production (aNCP) and calcium carbonate production (aCaCO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>) yields 7 ± 3 mol C m<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> yr<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> aNCP and 0.5 ± 0.3 mol C m<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> yr<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> aCaCO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>, giving an annually integrated particulate inorganic carbon to particulate organic carbon production ratio of 0.07 ± 0.05, as a lower limit. Although we find that vertical physical processes dominate carbon input to the mixed layer at KEO, it remains unclear how horizontal features, such as eddies, influence carbon production and export by altering nutrient supply as well as the depth of winter ventilation. Further research evaluating linkages between Kuroshio Extension jet instabilities, eddy activity, and nutrient supply mechanisms is needed to adequately characterize the drivers and sensitivities of carbon cycling near KEO.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1381137044451392128","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Andrea J. Fassbender"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory  Seattle Washington USA"},{"@value":"Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute  Moss Landing California USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1381137044451392129","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Christopher L. Sabine"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory  Seattle Washington USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1381137044451392000","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Meghan F. Cronin"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory  Seattle Washington USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1381137044451392130","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Adrienne J. Sutton"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory  Seattle Washington USA"},{"@value":"Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"08866236"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"19449224"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2017-02","prism:volume":"31","prism:number":"2","prism:startingPage":"272","prism:endingPage":"288"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#am","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor"],"url":[{"@id":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2F2016GB005547"},{"@id":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2016GB005547"},{"@id":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/2016GB005547"},{"@id":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1002/2016GB005547"},{"@id":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2016GB005547"}],"createdAt":"2017-01-14","modifiedAt":"2023-09-24","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050001338209104384","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Impact of cyclonic eddies and typhoons on biogeochemistry in the oligotrophic ocean based on biogeochemical/physical/meteorological time-series at station KEO"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050307746540971776","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Uncrewed surface vehicles in the Global Ocean Observing System: a new frontier for observing and monitoring at the air-sea interface"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360005514422010880","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Impact of Ocean Physics on Marine Ecosystems in the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension Regions"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360298755629955968","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Phytoplankton Distributions in the Kuroshio-Oyashio Region of the Northwest Pacific Ocean: Implications for Marine Ecology and Carbon Cycle"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360572092882157056","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Half-Century of Scientific Advancements Since the Cooperative Study of the Kuroshio and Adjacent Regions (CSK) Programme - Need for a new Kuroshio Research"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361413119136600832","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Global Perspectives on Observing Ocean Boundary Current Systems"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1523106605858309888","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Global trends of ocean CO₂ sink and ocean acidification : an observation-based reconstruction of surface ocean inorganic carbon variables"}]}],"dataSourceIdentifier":[{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1002/2016gb005547"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1002/9781119428428.ch11_references_DOI_BPEBzEwY2gCb1Q14mnM5NcG468b"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1007/s10872-020-00571-5_references_DOI_BPEBzEwY2gCb1Q14mnM5NcG468b"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.3389/fmars.2022.865142_references_DOI_M5U3IpYXAcS1Ru0X7QjN7mjlePO"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1523585_references_DOI_BPEBzEwY2gCb1Q14mnM5NcG468b"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1016/j.pocean.2021.102513_references_DOI_BPEBzEwY2gCb1Q14mnM5NcG468b"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40645-018-0196-3_references_DOI_BPEBzEwY2gCb1Q14mnM5NcG468b"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.3389/fmars.2019.00423_references_DOI_BPEBzEwY2gCb1Q14mnM5NcG468b"}]}