{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361137045330112640.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1029/2001ja000218"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1029%2F2001JA000218"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2001JA000218"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"Winds and shears in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere: Results from four decades of chemical release wind measurements"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:p>Since 1958, over 400 chemical tracer measurements have been made of the wind profiles in the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere. The measurements cover a wide range of latitudes, longitudes, seasons, and local times. The results from the analysis of the data set show that a wind maximum in the altitude range between 100 and 110 km is a consistent feature of the observations at midlatitudes and low latitudes. The wind speed associated with the maximum exceeds 100 m s<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> in over 60% of the observations. Large shears are found, especially on the bottomside of the wind maximum, and the observed shears are often large enough to be either unstable or approaching instability. The wind maximum and shear features are characteristics of the overall data set and are not tied to particular observation sites, particular seasons, or special conditions.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380009142565298443","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"M. F. Larsen"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Department of Physics Clemson University  Clemson South Carolina USA"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"01480227"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2002-08","prism:volume":"107","prism:number":"A8","prism:startingPage":"1215"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor"],"url":[{"@id":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1029%2F2001JA000218"},{"@id":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2001JA000218"}],"createdAt":"2002-10-27","modifiedAt":"2023-10-31","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050025031478815104","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Morphology and dynamics of daytime mid-latitude sporadic-E patches revealed by GPS total electron content observations in Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050294020601990144","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"On using a double-thin-shell approach and TEC perturbation component to sound night-time mid-latitude E–F coupling"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050296123054925952","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Nighttime Midlatitude E-F Coupling in Geomagnetic Conjugate Ionospheres: A Double Thin Shell Model and a Multi-Source Data Investigation"},{"@value":"Nighttime Midlatitude E‐F Coupling in Geomagnetic Conjugate Ionospheres: A Double Thin Shell Model and a Multi‐Source Data Investigation"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050846637960273664","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Vertical fine structure and time evolution of plasma irregularities in the E-s layer observed by a high-resolution Ca+ lidar"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360009142458471424","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"On the Origin of Far‐Aspect Angle Irregularity Regions Seen by HF Radars at 100‐km Altitude"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360021390558249856","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Monthly Climatologies of Zonal‐Mean and Tidal Winds in the Thermosphere as Observed by ICON/MIGHTI During April 2020–March 2022"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360285704785014656","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Simultaneous FPI and TMA Measurements of the Lower Thermospheric Wind in the Vicinity of the Poleward Expanding Aurora After Substorm Onset"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360285705152223360","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Inertia‐gravity wave in the polar mesopause region inferred from successive images of a meteor train"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360294643820385280","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Examining the Wind Shear Theory of Sporadic E With ICON/MIGHTI Winds and COSMIC‐2 Radio Occultation Data"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360567179757665280","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Lower thermospheric wind variations in auroral patches during the substorm recovery phase"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360853567577103744","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Daytime Dynamo Electrodynamics With Spiral Currents Driven by Strong Winds Revealed by Vapor Trails and Sounding Rocket Probes"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360865814729810816","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Low Altitude Tailing Es (LATTE): Analysis of Sporadic‐E Layer Height at Different Latitudes of Middle and Low Region"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360865815487031040","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Numerical Simulations of Metallic Ion Density Perturbations in Sporadic E Layers Caused by Gravity Waves"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361131415957015680","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The Ionospheric Connection Explorer Mission: Mission Goals and Design"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/2050025942148526848","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Numerical prediction of sporadic E layer occurrence using GAIA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/2051996266992072576","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Thermospheric wind response to a sudden ionospheric variation in the trough : event at a pseudo-breakup during geomagnetically quiet conditions"}]}],"dataSourceIdentifier":[{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2001ja000218"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2019ja027473_references_DOI_NfABPzZkQ467lADNo44nh7QtdJF"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40623-020-01330-y_references_DOI_NfABPzZkQ467lADNo44nh7QtdJF"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2021gl096202_references_DOI_9jVquqPkcrcz4LIcW3d8wYZSBB5"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2022ja031074_references_DOI_NfABPzZkQ467lADNo44nh7QtdJF"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2023ea002962_references_DOI_9jVquqPkcrcz4LIcW3d8wYZSBB5"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1002/2017ja024613_references_DOI_NfABPzZkQ467lADNo44nh7QtdJF"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1002/jgrd.50228_references_DOI_NfABPzZkQ467lADNo44nh7QtdJF"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40623-019-0984-z_references_DOI_NfABPzZkQ467lADNo44nh7QtdJF"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1002/2015ja022129_references_DOI_NfABPzZkQ467lADNo44nh7QtdJF"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40623-022-01639-w_references_DOI_NfABPzZkQ467lADNo44nh7QtdJF"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40623-015-0257-4_references_DOI_NfABPzZkQ467lADNo44nh7QtdJF"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2020gl088803_references_DOI_NfABPzZkQ467lADNo44nh7QtdJF"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40623-022-01710-6_references_DOI_NfABPzZkQ467lADNo44nh7QtdJF"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2022sw003323_references_DOI_NfABPzZkQ467lADNo44nh7QtdJF"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2023ea003030_references_DOI_NfABPzZkQ467lADNo44nh7QtdJF"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1007/s11214-017-0449-2_references_DOI_NfABPzZkQ467lADNo44nh7QtdJF"}]}