{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361418519085749376.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1029/2000je001244"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1029%2F2000JE001244"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2000JE001244"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"NAID","@value":"80012567653"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"Ages of mare basalts on the lunar nearside"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:p>The chronology of lunar volcanism is based on radiometric ages determined from Apollo and Luna landing site samples, regional stratigraphic relationships, and crater degradation and size‐frequency distribution data for units largely defined prior to the end of the Apollo program. Here we report on new crater size‐frequency distribution data for 139 spectrally and morphologically defined basalt units which are exposed in six nearside impact basins (Australe, Tranquillitatis, Humboldtianum, Humorum, Serenitatis, and Imbrium). Crater size‐frequency distribution measurements are a statistically robust and accurate method to derive absolute model ages of unsampled regions of the Moon. Compared to crater degradation ages, crater size‐frequency ages, performed on spectrally defined units, offer significant improvements in accuracy. Our investigation showed that (1) in the investigated basins, lunar volcanism was active for at least 1.5–2.0 b.y., starting at about 3.9–4.0 b.y. and ceasing at ∼2.0 b.y., (2) most basalts erupted during the late Imbrian Period at about 3.6–3.8 b.y., (3) significantly fewer basalts were emplaced during the Eratosthenian Period, (4) basalts of Copernican age were not found in any of the investigated basins, (5) lunar basin‐filling volcanism probably started within ∼100 m.y. after the formation of the individual basins. We also assessed the relationship between impact basin age and the history of mare basalt emplacement in these basins. We found that (1) in all pre‐Nectarian basins (Australe and Tranquillitatis) as well as in the Humboldtianum basin, which is of Nectarian age, the distribution of surface ages is clearly dominated by only a single peak in the number of erupted units at 3.6–3.8 b.y., (2) in the younger basins (Humorum, Serenitatis, and Imbrium) a second peak at 3.3–3.5 b.y. is observed, (3) basalt eruptions younger than 2.6 b.y. occur only intermittently, and (4) in the youngest basins, Serenitatis and Imbrium, we see an extended period of active basin‐filling volcanism (1.5–1.6 b.y.) which is 500 m.y. longer than in the Australe and Humorum and even ∼1.0 b.y. longer than in Tranquillitatis and Humboldtianum.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1381418519085749376","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Harald Hiesinger"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1381418519085749378","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Ralf Jaumann"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1381418519085749377","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Gerhard Neukum"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1381418519085749379","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"James W. Head"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"01480227"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2000-12","prism:volume":"105","prism:number":"E12","prism:startingPage":"29239","prism:endingPage":"29275"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor"],"url":[{"@id":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1029%2F2000JE001244"},{"@id":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2000JE001244"}],"createdAt":"2004-02-04","modifiedAt":"2023-09-23","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050282810817920640","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Tectonic evolution of northwestern Imbrium of the Moon that lasted in the Copernican Period"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360002217455453184","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The inner solar system cratering record and the evolution of impactor populations"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360002218091611520","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"An Automated Method for Crater Counting Using Rotational Pixel Swapping Method"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360004229801309056","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Mare volcanism: Reinterpretation based on Kaguya Lunar Radar Sounder data"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360021391872638336","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The Volcanic and Radial Expansion/Contraction History of the Moon Simulated by Numerical Models of Magmatism in the Convective Mantle"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360285707442102528","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The Chandrayaan-1 X-ray Spectrometer: First results"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360285710774631424","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Is the Linné impact crater morphology influenced by the rheological layering on the Moon's surface? Insights from numerical modeling"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360567180129216384","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Estimation of the permittivity and porosity of the lunar uppermost basalt layer based on observations of impact craters by SELENE"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360567181388464384","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The Lunar Radar Sounder (LRS) Onboard the KAGUYA (SELENE) Spacecraft"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360567182088618880","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Timing and characteristics of the latest mare eruption on the Moon"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360567183243352192","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Young mare volcanism in the Orientale region contemporary with the Procellarum KREEP Terrane (PKT) volcanism peak period ∼2 billion years ago"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360567185751341056","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Magma source transition of lunar mare volcanism at 2.3 Ga"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360848661184711424","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Lunar mare volcanism: lateral heterogeneities in volcanic activity and relationship with crustal structure"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360857593678352384","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Investigation of the source region of the lunar-meteorite group with the remote sensing datasets: Implication for the origin of mare volcanism in Mare Imbrium"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360869855136988672","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Long‐Lasting Volcanism of the Moon Aided by the Switch in Dominant Mechanisms of Magma Ascent: Role of Localized Radioactive Enrichment in a Numerical Model of Magmatism and Mantle Convection"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390001206511800832","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy","isCitedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Testing hypotheses for the origin of steep slope of lunar size-frequency distribution for small craters"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390001206513805312","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy","isCitedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Subsurface Chemistry of the Imbrium Basin Inferred from Clementine UVVIS Spectroscopy"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1520009407829926656","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isCitedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"月の熱進化の謎"},{"@language":"ja-Kana","@value":"ツキ ノ ネツ シンカ ノ ナゾ"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1520291854881487744","@type":"Article","relationType":["isCitedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Timing and duration of mare volcanism in the central region of the northern farside of the Moon"},{"@language":"ja-Kana","@value":"Timing and duration of mare volcanism in the central region of the northern farside of the Moon"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1520291855866639232","@type":"Article","relationType":["isCitedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Lunar cratering chronology: statistical fluctuation of crater production frequency and its effect on age determination"},{"@language":"ja-Kana","@value":"Lunar cratering chronology statistical fluctuation of crater production frequency and its effect on age determination"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1521699230264480384","@type":"Article","relationType":["isCitedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Global lunar-surface mapping experiment using the Lunar Imager/Spectrometer on SELENE"},{"@language":"ja-Kana","@value":"Global lunar surface mapping experiment using the Lunar Imager Spectrometer on SELENE"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/2051433317028462208","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Estimation of bulk permittivity of the Moon’s surface using Lunar Radar Sounder on-board Selenological and Engineering Explorer"}]}],"dataSourceIdentifier":[{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2000je001244"},{"@type":"CIA","@value":"80012567653"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1088/1674-4527/15/3/009_references_DOI_CmMJ5q60t7A1XJPr5ZZBtOj9hAH"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1002/2013je004568_references_DOI_CmMJ5q60t7A1XJPr5ZZBtOj9hAH"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40623-016-0531-0_references_DOI_CmMJ5q60t7A1XJPr5ZZBtOj9hAH"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1109/tgrs.2017.2691758_references_DOI_CmMJ5q60t7A1XJPr5ZZBtOj9hAH"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2023je007845_references_DOI_CmMJ5q60t7A1XJPr5ZZBtOj9hAH"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/bf03352461_references_DOI_CmMJ5q60t7A1XJPr5ZZBtOj9hAH"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/bf03352649_references_DOI_CmMJ5q60t7A1XJPr5ZZBtOj9hAH"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1111/maps.12892_references_DOI_CmMJ5q60t7A1XJPr5ZZBtOj9hAH"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1016/j.pss.2011.08.014_references_DOI_CmMJ5q60t7A1XJPr5ZZBtOj9hAH"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1002/jgre.20102_references_DOI_CmMJ5q60t7A1XJPr5ZZBtOj9hAH"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1007/s11214-010-9673-8_references_DOI_CmMJ5q60t7A1XJPr5ZZBtOj9hAH"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2012gl051838_references_DOI_CmMJ5q60t7A1XJPr5ZZBtOj9hAH"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1111/maps.12896_references_DOI_CmMJ5q60t7A1XJPr5ZZBtOj9hAH"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40623-020-01259-2_references_DOI_CmMJ5q60t7A1XJPr5ZZBtOj9hAH"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1144/sp401.11_references_DOI_CmMJ5q60t7A1XJPr5ZZBtOj9hAH"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1016/j.icarus.2021.114690_references_DOI_CmMJ5q60t7A1XJPr5ZZBtOj9hAH"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2025gl115215_references_DOI_CmMJ5q60t7A1XJPr5ZZBtOj9hAH"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1016/j.epsl.2010.12.028_references_DOI_CmMJ5q60t7A1XJPr5ZZBtOj9hAH"}]}