Improved Oxygen Reduction Activity on Pt <sub>3</sub> Ni(111) via Increased Surface Site Availability

DOI Web Site 96 Citations
  • Ben Fowler
    Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.
  • Vojislav R. Stamenkovic
    Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.
  • Bongjin Simon Mun
    Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.
  • Guofeng Wang
    Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.
  • Philip N. Ross
    Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.
  • Christopher A. Lucas
    Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.
  • Nenad M. Marković
    Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.

Bibliographic Information

Published
2007-01-26
DOI
  • 10.1126/science.1135941
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

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Description

<jats:p> The slow rate of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is the main limitation for automotive applications. We demonstrated that the Pt <jats:sub>3</jats:sub> Ni(111) surface is 10-fold more active for the ORR than the corresponding Pt(111) surface and 90-fold more active than the current state-of-the-art Pt/C catalysts for PEMFC. The Pt <jats:sub>3</jats:sub> Ni(111) surface has an unusual electronic structure ( <jats:italic>d</jats:italic> -band center position) and arrangement of surface atoms in the near-surface region. Under operating conditions relevant to fuel cells, its near-surface layer exhibits a highly structured compositional oscillation in the outermost and third layers, which are Pt-rich, and in the second atomic layer, which is Ni-rich. The weak interaction between the Pt surface atoms and nonreactive oxygenated species increases the number of active sites for O <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> adsorption. </jats:p>

Journal

  • Science

    Science 315 (5811), 493-497, 2007-01-26

    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

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