{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361418521006164096.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1016/j.gep.2019.01.003"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1567133X18301911?httpAccept=text/xml"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1567133X18301911?httpAccept=text/plain"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"PMID","@value":"30677493"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"HANDLE","@value":"10754/631235"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"Regionalized nervous system in Hydra and the mechanism of its development"}],"description":[{"notation":[{"@value":"The last common ancestor of Bilateria and Cnidaria is considered to develop a nervous system over 500 million years ago. Despite the long course of evolution, many of the neuron-related genes, which are active in Bilateria, are also found in the cnidarian Hydra. Thus, Hydra is a good model to study the putative primitive nervous system in the last common ancestor that had the great potential to evolve to a more advanced one. Regionalization of the nervous system is one of the advanced features of bilaterian nervous system. Although a regionalized nervous system is already known to be present in Hydra, its developmental mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study we show how it is formed and maintained, focusing on the neuropeptide Hym-176 gene and its paralogs. First, we demonstrate that four axially localized neuron subsets that express different combination of the neuropeptide Hym-176 gene and its paralogs cover almost an entire body, forming a regionalized nervous system in Hydra. Second, we show that positional information governed by the Wnt signaling pathway plays a key role in determining the regional specificity of the neuron subsets as is the case in bilaterians. Finally, we demonstrated two basic mechanisms, regionally restricted new differentiation and phenotypic conversion, both of which are in part conserved in bilaterians, are involved in maintaining boundaries between the neuron subsets. Therefore, this study is the first comprehensive analysis of the anatomy and developmental regulation of the divergently evolved and axially regionalized peptidergic nervous system in Hydra, implicating an ancestral origin of neural regionalization."}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1381418521006164103","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Yukihiko Noro"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1381418521006163970","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Seungshic Yum"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1381418521006164098","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Chiemi Nishimiya-Fujisawa"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1381418521006163968","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Christina Busse"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1381418521006163969","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Hiroshi Shimizu"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1381418521006164099","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Katsuhiko Mineta"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1381418521006164101","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Xiaoming Zhang"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1381418521006164102","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Thomas W. Holstein"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1381418521006164100","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Charles N. David"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1381418521006164097","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Takashi Gojobori"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1381418521006164096","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Toshitaka Fujisawa"}]}],"contributor":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1890866215890169474","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC)"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1890866215890169477","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (CEMSE) Division"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1890866215890169479","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Bioscience Program"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1890866215890169473","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1890866215890169480","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1890866215890169478","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Department of Developmental Genetics, National Institute of Genetics, Yata 1,111, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1890866215890169481","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Department of Genetics, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Yata 1,111, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1890866215890169476","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Department of Molecular Evolution and Genomics, Center for Organismic Studies, Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1890866215890169482","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Ecological Risk Research Division, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje, 53201, South Korea"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1890866215890169475","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Department Biologie II, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, 80539, Germany"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1890866215890169472","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Center for Information Biology and DNA Data Bank of Japan, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"1567133X"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Gene Expression Patterns"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"Elsevier BV"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2019-01","prism:volume":"31","prism:startingPage":"42","prism:endingPage":"59"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/","https://www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license"],"url":[{"@id":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1567133X18301911?httpAccept=text/xml"},{"@id":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1567133X18301911?httpAccept=text/plain"}],"createdAt":"2019-01-21","modifiedAt":"2025-10-27","foaf:topic":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Hydra","dc:title":"Hydra"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Neuropeptides","dc:title":"Neuropeptides"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Nervous%20System","dc:title":"Nervous System"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Wnt","dc:title":"Wnt"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Cnidaria","dc:title":"Cnidaria"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Homeotic%20transformation","dc:title":"Homeotic transformation"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Regionalized%20nervous%20system","dc:title":"Regionalized nervous system"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Animals","dc:title":"Animals"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Wnt%20Signaling%20Pathway","dc:title":"Wnt Signaling Pathway"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Transgenic%20reporter%20line","dc:title":"Transgenic reporter line"}],"relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360302864773217536","@type":"Article","resourceType":"preprint","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"An ancient split of germline and somatic stem cell lineages in Hydra"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360853567676127488","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Comparative Aspects of Structure and Function of Cnidarian Neuropeptides"}]}],"dataSourceIdentifier":[{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1016/j.gep.2019.01.003"},{"@type":"OPENAIRE","@value":"doi_dedup___::8685afcd5fc3ec4d291b76b1ac313b5c"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1101/2023.07.04.546637_references_DOI_KRW0H7gaIt4tRGHcjciJzK7ODxm"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.3389/fendo.2020.00339_references_DOI_KRW0H7gaIt4tRGHcjciJzK7ODxm"}]}