{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361699994403481216.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1029/93je01460"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1029%2F93JE01460"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/93JE01460"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"He, Ne, and Ar from the solar wind and solar energetic particles in lunar ilmenites and pyroxenes"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:p>He, Ne, and Ar in ilmenite and pyroxene separates from two lunar regolith samples exposed to the solar corpuscular radiation at widely different epochs were analyzed by the closed system stepped etching technique. This method avoids element or isotope fractionation due to diffusion during the experiment and thus depth profiles of element and isotopic composition of implanted solar noble gases can be determined. Ilmenites from a relatively recently irradiated soil release in the first steps He and Ne with isotopic compositions identical to modern solar wind values. We conclude that ilmenite retains isotopically unfractionated He, Ne, and Ar from the solar wind (SW) in the outermost grain layers. The isotopic composition of SW noble gases has remained constant over the last 100 Ma but there is some evidence for a slight change over a Ga timescale. The ratio <jats:sup>36</jats:sup>Ar/<jats:sup>38</jats:sup>Ar in the solar wind is 2–3% larger than that in the terrestrial atmosphere. We give further evidence for the identification of a solar energetic particle component (SEP), which was implanted with energies exceeding those in the solar wind. All ilmenites and pyroxenes contain SEP‐Ne with <jats:sup>20</jats:sup>Ne/<jats:sup>22</jats:sup>Ne = 11.2±0.2, in agreement with SEP‐Ne found earlier in lunar plagioclase. (<jats:sup>21</jats:sup>Ne/<jats:sup>22</jats:sup>Ne)<jats:sub>SEP</jats:sub> is consistent with SEP‐Ne being derived from SW‐Ne by mass dependent fractionation. In addition, the new data reveal SEP‐He and SEP‐Ar, both isotopically heavier than the SW components. The isotopic fractionation factors required to relate SW and SEP gases are approximately equal to the square of the mass ratios. Element ratios in the SEP dominated steps are similar (He: Ar) or identical (Ne: Ar) to present‐day solar wind values, indicating little or no element fractionation in the SEP reservoir.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380016865776345472","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Jean‐Paul Benkert"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1381699994403481217","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Heinrich Baur"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1381699994403481218","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Peter Signer"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1381699994403481216","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Rainer Wieler"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"01480227"},{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"https://id.crossref.org/issn/01480227"},{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"http://id.crossref.org/issn/01480227"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)"}],"prism:publicationDate":"1993-07-25","prism:volume":"98","prism:number":"E7","prism:startingPage":"13147","prism:endingPage":"13162"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor"],"url":[{"@id":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1029%2F93JE01460"},{"@id":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/93JE01460"}],"createdAt":"2008-02-06","modifiedAt":"2023-09-22","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050282810809484928","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Mineralogy and noble gas isotopes of micrometeorites collected from Antarctic snow Planetary Science"},{"@value":"Mineralogy and noble gas isotopes of micrometeorites collected from Antarctic snow"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360857593660041088","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Water-susceptible primordial noble gas components in less-altered CR chondrites: A possible link to cometary materials"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390001204551210240","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Trapped noble gas components and exposure history of the enstatite chondrite ALH84206"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390001206514163712","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"The global accretion rate of extraterrestrial materials in the last glacial period estimated from the abundance of micrometeorites in Antarctic glacier ice"},{"@language":"ja-Kana","@value":"global accretion rate of extraterrestrial materials in the last glacial period estimated from the abundance of micrometeorites in Antarctic glacier ice"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390008918660428544","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Development of <i>in-situ</i> Depth Profiling for Extraterrestrial Materials with Isotope Nanoscope"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"同位体ナノスコープによる地球外物質の希ガス深さ方向分析に向けた微小粒子分析法の開発"},{"@language":"ja-Kana","@value":"ドウイタイ ナノスコープ ニ ヨル チキュウ ガイブツシツ ノ キガス フカサ ホウコウ ブンセキ ニ ムケタ ビショウリュウシ ブンセキホウ ノ カイハツ"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390282679528057472","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Iridium concentration and noble gas composition of Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary clay from Stevns Klint, Denmark"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390282681470926336","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"A New Correction Technique for Mass Interferences by 40Ar++ and CO2++ during Isotope Analysis of a Small Amount of Ne"},{"@value":"A New Correction Technique for Mass Interferences by 40Ar〔++〕 and CO2〔++〕 during Isotope Analysis of a Small Amount of Ne"},{"@language":"ja-Kana","@value":"New Correction Technique for Mass Interferences by 40Ar and CO2 during Isotope Analysis of a Small Amount of Ne"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390855300947540480","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"On the origin and evolution of the asteroid Ryugu: A comprehensive geochemical 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