{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361699995779711104.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1175/2009jas2948.1"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"http://journals.ametsoc.org/jas/article-pdf/66/9/2659/3513880/2009jas2948_1.pdf"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"Statistics on High-Cloud Areas and Their Sensitivities to Cloud Microphysics Using Single-Cloud Experiments"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Statistics on high-altitude cloud areas associated with deep cumulus clouds and their sensitivities to cloud microphysics are studied in the framework of single-cloud experiments with an explicit cloud system–resolving model. A comprehensive six-category single-moment bulk cloud microphysics scheme is used to investigate parameter dependency. High-cloud areas are defined by the threshold values of the outgoing longwave radiation, and probability distribution functions of high-cloud areas are obtained. First, resolution dependencies on grid sizes of approximately 3.5, 7, and 14 km are examined. It is found that although quantitative differences are confirmed, diurnal variations in high-cloud covers are similarly captured by all three experiments conducted. The main focus of the sensitivity experiments of cloud microphysics is on the fall speed and number concentration, or mean radius, of ice particles. The results clearly show that the sum of snow and cloud ice amounts is closely related to high-cloud covers. Among the number of experiments conducted, one interesting result is that the intercept parameters of snow and graupel have opposite effects on high-cloud covers. As the intercept parameter of graupel increases, the graupel amount increases because of an increase in the accretion rate of cloud water by graupel, which results in a decrease in the amount of snow and hence a decrease in high-cloud covers. This implies that a greater production of graupel leads to an increase in precipitation efficiency.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1381699995779711105","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Masaki Satoh"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Center for Climate System Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, and Frontier Research Center for Global Change, JAMSTEC, Yokohama, Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1381699995779711104","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Yuya Matsuda"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Center for Climate System Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"15200469"},{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"00224928"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"American Meteorological Society"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2009-09-01","prism:volume":"66","prism:number":"9","prism:startingPage":"2659","prism:endingPage":"2677"},"reviewed":"false","dcterms:accessRights":"http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2","url":[{"@id":"http://journals.ametsoc.org/jas/article-pdf/66/9/2659/3513880/2009jas2948_1.pdf"}],"createdAt":"2009-03-16","modifiedAt":"2024-03-11","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360002216709167872","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Refinement of global ice microphysics using spaceborne active sensors"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360849940034568192","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Application of Single and Multiple-Scattering Theories to Analyses of Space-Borne Cloud Radar and Lidar Data"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360853567796982016","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"New Critical Length for the Onset of Self‐Aggregation of Moist Convection"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360861707154736768","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Ensemble‐Based Data Assimilation of GPM DPR Reflectivity: Cloud Microphysics Parameter Estimation With the Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral Atmospheric Model (NICAM)"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390001206507884288","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Extension of a Multisensor Satellite Radiance-Based Evaluation for Cloud System Resolving Models"},{"@value":"NOTES AND CORRESPONDENCE : Extension of a Multisensor Satellite Radiance-Based Evaluation for Cloud System Resolving Models"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390285300156042112","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Precipitation Efficiency and its Role in Cloud-Radiative Feedbacks to Climate Variability"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"降水効率および気候変動に対する雲放射フィードバックにおけるその役割"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1391693801396230144","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Impacts of Sub-grid Ice Cloud Physics in a Turbulence Scheme on High Clouds and their Response to Global Warming"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"上層雲の温暖化応答に対する乱流スキームにおける氷相過程のインパクト"},{"@value":"NOTES AND CORRESPONDENCE : Impacts of Sub-grid Ice Cloud Physics in a Turbulence Scheme on High Clouds and their Response to Global Warming"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/2051151842089639168","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The Non-hydrostatic Icosahedral Atmospheric Model : description and development"}]}],"dataSourceIdentifier":[{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1175/2009jas2948.1"},{"@type":"OPENAIRE","@value":"doi_dedup___::09dcfdfeaf3f272f3cdf656fdb95c973"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2011jd015885_references_DOI_94URc2btkNsYMjfMH4wXLH7W3Gs"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.2151/jmsj.2018-002_references_DOI_94URc2btkNsYMjfMH4wXLH7W3Gs"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40645-014-0018-1_references_DOI_94URc2btkNsYMjfMH4wXLH7W3Gs"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.2151/jmsj.2020-054_references_DOI_94URc2btkNsYMjfMH4wXLH7W3Gs"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1007/978-3-030-38696-2_1_references_DOI_94URc2btkNsYMjfMH4wXLH7W3Gs"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2020gl088763_references_DOI_94URc2btkNsYMjfMH4wXLH7W3Gs"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2022jd037447_references_DOI_94URc2btkNsYMjfMH4wXLH7W3Gs"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.2151/jmsj.2020-024_references_DOI_94URc2btkNsYMjfMH4wXLH7W3Gs"}]}