{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361699996228566656.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1785/bssa0840030668"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/bssa/article-pdf/84/3/668/5341919/bssa0840030668.pdf"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"Spatial and temporal distribution of slip for the 1992 Landers, California, earthquake"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>We have determined a source rupture model for the 1992 Landers earthquake (MW 7.2) compatible with multiple data sets, spanning a frequency range from zero to 0.5 Hz. Geodetic survey displacements, near-field and regional strong motions, broadband teleseismic waveforms, and surface offset measurements have been used explicitly to constrain both the spatial and temporal slip variations along the model fault surface. Our fault parameterization involves a variable-slip, multiple-segment, finite-fault model which treats the diverse data sets in a self-consistent manner, allowing them to be inverted both independently and in unison. The high-quality data available for the Landers earthquake provide an unprecedented opportunity for direct comparison of rupture models determined from independent data sets that sample both a wide frequency range and a diverse spatial station orientation with respect to the earthquake slip and radiation pattern. In all models, consistent features include the following: (1) similar overall dislocation patterns and amplitudes with seismic moments of 7 to 8 × 1026 dyne-cm (seismic potency of 2.3 to 2.7 km3); (2) very heterogeneous, unilateral strike slip distributed over a fault length of 65 km and over a width of at least 15 km, though slip is limited to shallower regions in some areas; (3) a total rupture duration of 24 sec and an average rupture velocity of 2.7 km/sec; and (4) substantial variations of slip with depth relative to measured surface offsets. The extended rupture length and duration of the Landers earthquake also allowed imaging of the propagating rupture front with better resolution than for those of prior shorter-duration, strike-slip events. Our imaging allows visualization of the rupture evolution, including local differences in slip durations and variations in rupture velocity. Rupture velocity decreases markedly at shallow depths, as well as near regions of slip transfer from one fault segment to the next, as rupture propagates northwestward along the multiply segmented fault length. The rupture front slows as it reaches the northern limit of the Johnson Valley/Landers faults where slip is transferred to the southern Homestead Valley fault; an abrupt acceleration is apparent following the transfer. This process is repeated, and is more pronounced, as slip is again passed from the northern Homestead Valley fault to the Emerson fault. Although the largest surface offsets were observed at the northern end of the rupture, our modeling indicates that substantial rupture was also relatively shallow (less than 10 km) in this region.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1381699996228566656","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"David J. Wald"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"U.S. Geological Survey Pasadena, California, 91106"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1381699996228566657","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Thomas H. Heaton"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"U.S. Geological Survey Pasadena, California, 91106"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"19433573"},{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"00371106"},{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"http://id.crossref.org/issn/00371106"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"Seismological Society of America (SSA)"}],"prism:publicationDate":"1994-06-01","prism:volume":"84","prism:number":"3","prism:startingPage":"668","prism:endingPage":"691"},"reviewed":"false","url":[{"@id":"http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/bssa/article-pdf/84/3/668/5341919/bssa0840030668.pdf"}],"createdAt":"2021-09-17","modifiedAt":"2023-01-09","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050285700277135232","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Elastic strain energy and pore-fluid pressure control of aftershocks"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050287142174859392","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Construction of fault geometry by finite-fault inversion of teleseismic data"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050564285791632128","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Source rupture processes of the foreshock and mainshock in the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake sequence estimated from the kinematic waveform inversion of strong motion data"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050845760738354304","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Source rupture process of the 2011 Fukushima-ken Hamadori earthquake: how did the two subparallel faults rupture?"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360002216708835840","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Stuck in the mud? Earthquake nucleation and propagation through accretionary forearcs"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360002217556339840","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"A method for the joint inversion of geodetic and seismic waveform data using ABIC: application to the 1997 Manyi, Tibet, earthquake"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360004233292112256","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Absolute Stress Fields in the Source Region of the 1992 Landers Earthquake"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360021389821317248","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Changes in widespread aquifer properties caused by a magnitude 6-class earthquake evaluated using InSAR analyses"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360025430655195904","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Source rupture process of the MW 6.2 earthquake in the Noto Peninsula, central Japan, on May 5, 2023"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360298757167515520","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Heterogeneity of Aftershock Productivity Along the Mainshock Ruptures and Its Advantage in Improving Short‐Term Aftershock Forecast"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360584340538796928","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Source Parameter Scaling Relations for Shallow Crustal Earthquakes: Exploration With the Single Asperity Model"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360848658221934080","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Dynamic Rupture Simulation Reproduces Spontaneous Multifault Rupture and Arrest During the 2016 <i>M</i><sub>w</sub> 7.9 Kaikoura Earthquake"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360848658465848832","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Widespread ground motion distribution caused by rupture directivity during the 2015 Gorkha, Nepal earthquake"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360848659520408448","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Toward automated directivity estimates in earthquake moment tensor inversion"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360869856024831744","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Near‐Field Imaging of Near‐Identical <i>M</i><sub>w</sub>5.9 Earthquakes in the Crust of Ibaraki, Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390001204145141504","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"The diversity of the physics of earthquakes"},{"@language":"ja-Kana","@value":"diversity of the physics of earthquakes"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390001204304411136","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"A Study on the Radiation Mechanism of Short Period Seismic Wave"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"短周期地震波の成因についての考察"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390001206513211264","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Joint inversion of strong motion and geodetic data for the source process of the 2003 Tokachi-oki, Hokkaido, earthquake"},{"@value":"Joint inversion of strong motion and geodetic data for the source process of the 2003 Tokachi‐oki, Hokkaido, earthquake"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390282680334624256","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"震源インバージョン結果に基づく地震発生層以浅におけるすべり速度時間関数の評価"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Slip Velocity Time Function for Shallower Region than the Seismogenic Layer Based on Source Fault Models"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390282681435363840","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"熱・流体・空隙生成相互作用系に現れる動的地震滑り過程の多様性"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Diversity of Dynamic Earthquake Slip Process in the System of the Interaction among Heat, Fluid Pressure and Inelastic Pore Creation"},{"@language":"ja-Kana","@value":"ネツ ・ リュウタイ ・ クウゲキ セイセイ ソウゴ サヨウケイ ニ アラワレル ドウテキ ジシン スベリ カテイ ノ タヨウセイ"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390282681489233024","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Differences in ground motion and fault rupture process between the surface and buried rupture earthquakes"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390282681490735872","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Effect of complex fault geometry and slip style on near-fault strong motions and static displacement"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390287860633040256","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"SCALING RELATIONS OF OUTER FAULT PARAMETERS OF LARGE CRUSTAL EARTHQUAKES USING FAULT MODELS IN THE WORLD"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"断層モデルに基づく世界の大規模地殻内地震の巨視的断層パラメータのスケーリング則"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390564238037216512","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"地表地震断層近傍における永久変位を含む長周期成分の地震動評価のための震源モデルの設定方法"},{"@language":"en","@value":"CHARACTERIZED FAULT MODEL FOR PREDICTION OF LONG-PERIOD GROUND MOTIONS CONTAINING PERMANENT DISPLACEMENT IN THE NEAR-FAULT REGION"},{"@language":"ja-Kana","@value":"チヒョウ ジシン ダンソウ キンボウ ニ オケル エイキュウ ヘンイ オ フクム チョウ シュウキ セイブン ノ ジシンドウ ヒョウカ ノ タメ ノ シンゲン モデル ノ セッテイ ホウホウ"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/2050025942151020672","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Frictional stability of porous tuff breccia under subsurface pressure conditions and implications for shallow seismicity"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/2050870367073290112","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Toward comparable relative locations between the mainshock slip and aftershocks via empirical approaches"}]}],"dataSourceIdentifier":[{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1785/bssa0840030668"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/bf03353060_references_DOI_BgihWB8wOnkSjM9brdpdWtAFGUn"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/1880-5981-66-101_references_DOI_BgihWB8wOnkSjM9brdpdWtAFGUn"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1016/j.jag.2023.103394_references_DOI_BgihWB8wOnkSjM9brdpdWtAFGUn"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40623-025-02186-w_references_DOI_BgihWB8wOnkSjM9brdpdWtAFGUn"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2011gl048552_references_DOI_BgihWB8wOnkSjM9brdpdWtAFGUn"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2018gl080550_references_DOI_BgihWB8wOnkSjM9brdpdWtAFGUn"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1093/gji/ggaa501_references_DOI_BgihWB8wOnkSjM9brdpdWtAFGUn"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2020jb020494_references_DOI_BgihWB8wOnkSjM9brdpdWtAFGUn"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1093/gji/ggt406_references_DOI_BgihWB8wOnkSjM9brdpdWtAFGUn"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.3130/aijs.86.553_references_DOI_BgihWB8wOnkSjM9brdpdWtAFGUn"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40623-020-01203-4_references_DOI_BgihWB8wOnkSjM9brdpdWtAFGUn"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.5610/jaee.17.5_1_references_DOI_BgihWB8wOnkSjM9brdpdWtAFGUn"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1093/gji/ggx354_references_DOI_BgihWB8wOnkSjM9brdpdWtAFGUn"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/bf03351785_references_DOI_BgihWB8wOnkSjM9brdpdWtAFGUn"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.2183/pjab.80.297_references_DOI_BgihWB8wOnkSjM9brdpdWtAFGUn"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2023jb027690_references_DOI_BgihWB8wOnkSjM9brdpdWtAFGUn"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40623-016-0519-9_references_DOI_BgihWB8wOnkSjM9brdpdWtAFGUn"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1038/srep28536_references_DOI_BgihWB8wOnkSjM9brdpdWtAFGUn"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2018jb015765_references_DOI_BgihWB8wOnkSjM9brdpdWtAFGUn"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/bf03352486_references_DOI_BgihWB8wOnkSjM9brdpdWtAFGUn"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1380/jsssj.36.230_references_DOI_BgihWB8wOnkSjM9brdpdWtAFGUn"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116103_references_DOI_BgihWB8wOnkSjM9brdpdWtAFGUn"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.3130/aijs.83.1525_references_DOI_BgihWB8wOnkSjM9brdpdWtAFGUn"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40623-021-01419-y_references_DOI_BgihWB8wOnkSjM9brdpdWtAFGUn"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.4294/zisin.61.91_references_DOI_BgihWB8wOnkSjM9brdpdWtAFGUn"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2024jb029791_references_DOI_CE45BcHWxckzFmTeKacqBOTrax2"}]}