{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362262944308148992.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1073/pnas.1411696112"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"http://www.pnas.org/syndication/doi/10.1073/pnas.1411696112"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.1411696112"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"Recent origin of low trabecular bone density in modern humans"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:title>Significance</jats:title><jats:p>The human skeleton is unique in having low trabecular density representing a lightly built human body form. However, it remains unknown when during human evolution this unique characteristic first appeared. To our knowledge, this study is the first to examine trabecular bone density throughout the skeleton of fossil hominins spanning several million years. The results show that trabecular density remained high throughout human evolution until it decreased significantly in recent modern humans, suggesting a possible link between changes in our skeleton and increased sedentism.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382262944308148868","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Habiba Chirchir"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Center for the Advanced Study of Hominid Paleobiology, Department of Anthropology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052;"},{"@value":"Human Origins Program, Department of Anthropology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560;"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382262944308148869","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Tracy L. Kivell"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Animal Postcranial Evolution Laboratory, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NR, United Kingdom;"},{"@value":"Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany;"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382262944308148992","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Christopher B. Ruff"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Center for Functional Anatomy and Evolution, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205;"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382262944308148864","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Jean-Jacques Hublin"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany;"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382262944308148867","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Kristian J. Carlson"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Evolutionary Studies Institute, The University of the Witwatersrand, Braamfontein 2000 Johannesburg, South Africa;"},{"@value":"Department of Anthropology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405; and"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382262944308148866","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Bernhard Zipfel"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Evolutionary Studies Institute, The University of the Witwatersrand, Braamfontein 2000 Johannesburg, South Africa;"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382262944308148865","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Brian G. Richmond"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Center for the Advanced Study of Hominid Paleobiology, Department of Anthropology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052;"},{"@value":"Human Origins Program, Department of Anthropology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560;"},{"@value":"Division of Anthropology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"00278424"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"10916490"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2014-12-22","prism:volume":"112","prism:number":"2","prism:startingPage":"366","prism:endingPage":"371"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["http://www.pnas.org/site/misc/userlicense.xhtml"],"url":[{"@id":"http://www.pnas.org/syndication/doi/10.1073/pnas.1411696112"},{"@id":"https://pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.1411696112"}],"createdAt":"2014-12-23","modifiedAt":"2024-06-06","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360285707064286336","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Does trabecular bone structure within the metacarpal heads of primates vary with hand posture?"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360567182041004928","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The SKX 1084 hominin patella from Swartkrans Member 2, South Africa: An integrated analysis of its outer morphology and inner structure"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361412891904487552","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Cortical bone distribution in the femoral neck of Paranthropus robustus"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390861880807908224","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Identification of functionally related adaptations in the trabecular network of the proximal femur and tibia of a bipedally trained Japanese macaque"}]}],"dataSourceIdentifier":[{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1073/pnas.1411696112"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1537/ase.2307142_references_DOI_JrnwpcMot2EyqiLOC4HNq94Zqm3"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1016/j.crpv.2016.10.002_references_DOI_JrnwpcMot2EyqiLOC4HNq94Zqm3"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1016/j.jhevol.2019.102666_references_DOI_JrnwpcMot2EyqiLOC4HNq94Zqm3"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1016/j.crpv.2018.06.002_references_DOI_JrnwpcMot2EyqiLOC4HNq94Zqm3"}]}