{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362262944790920704.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1029/91jb00237"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1029%2F91JB00237"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/91JB00237"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"High‐frequency spectral falloff of earthquakes, fractal dimension of complex rupture, <i>b</i> value, and the scaling of strength on faults"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:p>The high‐frequency falloff ω<jats:sup>−γ</jats:sup> of earthquake displacement spectra and the <jats:italic>b</jats:italic> value of aftershock sequences are attributed to the character of spatially varying strength along fault zones. I assume that the high frequency energy of a main shock is produced by a self‐similar distribution of subevents, where the number of subevents with radii greater than <jats:italic>R</jats:italic> is proportional to <jats:italic>R<jats:sup>−D</jats:sup></jats:italic>, <jats:italic>D</jats:italic> being the fractal dimension. In this model, an earthquake is composed of a hierarchical set of smaller earthquakes. The static stress drop is parameterized to be proportional to <jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sup>η</jats:sup>, and strength is assumed to be proportional to static stress drop. I find that a distribution of subevents with <jats:italic>D</jats:italic> = 2 and stress drop independent of seismic moment (η = 0) produces a main shock with an ω<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> falloff, if the subevent areas fill the rupture area of the main shock. By equating subevents to “islands” of high stress of a random, self‐similar stress field on a fault, I relate <jats:italic>D</jats:italic> to the scaling of strength on a fault, such that <jats:italic>D</jats:italic> = 2 − η. Thus <jats:italic>D</jats:italic> = 2 corresponds to constant stress drop scaling (η = 0) and scale‐invariant fault strength. A self‐similar model of aftershock rupture zones on a fault is used to determine the relationship between the <jats:italic>b</jats:italic> value, the size distribution of aftershock rupture zones, and the scaling of strength on a fault. The <jats:italic>b</jats:italic> value for aftershock sequences on a fault is found to equal (3 − 1.5η)/(3 + η). Therefore this model indicates that the typically observed spectral falloffs of ω<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> and <jats:italic>b</jats:italic> values of 1 can be entirely caused by scale‐invariant strength (η = 0) along fault zones.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382262944790920704","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Arthur Frankel"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"01480227"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)"}],"prism:publicationDate":"1991-04-10","prism:volume":"96","prism:number":"B4","prism:startingPage":"6291","prism:endingPage":"6302"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor"],"url":[{"@id":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1029%2F91JB00237"},{"@id":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/91JB00237"}],"createdAt":"2008-02-06","modifiedAt":"2023-09-22","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360017282214353536","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Simulation of Pulse-Like Ground Motions during the 2015 Mw 8.3 Illapel Earthquake with a New Source Model Using Corrected Empirical Green’s Functions"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361412893056637440","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Ordinary and Slow Earthquakes Reproduced in a Simple Continuum System With Stochastic Temporal Stress Fluctuations"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390282679279763072","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Scaling Relations for Earthquake Source Process"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"地震発生過程のスケール依存性"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390282680614007168","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"断層面の不均質フラクタル性を考慮した震源のモデル化と地震動"},{"@language":"en","@value":"SOURCE RUPTURE PROCESS REFLECTING FRACTAL HETEROGENEITY ON THE FAULT PLANE AND GROUND MOTION"},{"@language":"ja-Kana","@value":"ダンソウメン ノ フキンシツ フラクタルセイ オ コウリョ シタ シンゲン ノ モデルカ ト ジシンドウ"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/2050307417121635968","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Self-similar stochastic slip distributions on a non-planar fault for tsunami scenarios for megathrust earthquakes"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/2051714792046923264","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Ground motions characterized by a multi-scale heterogeneous earthquake model"}]}],"dataSourceIdentifier":[{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/91jb00237"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.4294/zisin.61.329_references_DOI_Nh43kF7SAnJfXT76Oe8gv02ZG1L"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1785/0220200446_references_DOI_Nh43kF7SAnJfXT76Oe8gv02ZG1L"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/1880-5981-66-42_references_DOI_Nh43kF7SAnJfXT76Oe8gv02ZG1L"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40645-020-00360-0_references_DOI_Nh43kF7SAnJfXT76Oe8gv02ZG1L"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.3130/aijs.66.51_3_references_DOI_Nh43kF7SAnJfXT76Oe8gv02ZG1L"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2019gl085010_references_DOI_Nh43kF7SAnJfXT76Oe8gv02ZG1L"}]}