{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362262945019503104.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1002/2014ja020221"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2F2014JA020221"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2014JA020221"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"Large winds and wind shears caused by the nonlinear interactions between gravity waves and tidal backgrounds in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>A two‐dimensional nonlinear numerical model was used to simulate large winds (≥ 100 m s<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>) and wind shears (≥ 40 m s<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> km<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>) in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) that are caused by the interaction between gravity waves (GWs) and migrating tidal background. By varying the wavelengths of GWs and the phases of diurnal and semidiurnal tides, 64 numerical experiments were performed. Our numerical experiments indicate that both migrating diurnal and semidiurnal tides strongly modulate the occurrence of GW breaking, and the resulted large winds and wind shears. The simulated large winds and wind shears are in good agreement with those from the rocket‐sounding chemical release measurements. Moreover, the occurrence of large wind shears highly depends on the phases of migrating tides in local time, which is in agreement with the reported lidar observations. The local time dependence of large wind shears is mainly attributed to the filtering and/or hindering effects of diurnal and semidiurnal tidal winds on GWs. Our simulation reveals that the nonlinear interactions between GWs breaking and the migrating diurnal and semidiurnal tides may play an important role in driving the large winds and wind shears in the MLT region and their local time dependence.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382262945019503107","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Xiao Liu"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, Center for Space Science and Applied Research Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"},{"@value":"College of Mathematics and Information Science Henan Normal University  Xinxiang China"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382262945019503105","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Jiyao Xu"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, Center for Space Science and Applied Research Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382262945019503104","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Jia Yue"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences Hampton University  Hampton Virginia USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382262945019503108","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Han Li Liu"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"High Altitude Observatory National Center for Atmospheric Research  Boulder Colorado USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382262945019503106","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Wei Yuan"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, Center for Space Science and Applied Research Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"21699380"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"21699402"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2014-09","prism:volume":"119","prism:number":"9","prism:startingPage":"7698","prism:endingPage":"7708"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor"],"url":[{"@id":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2F2014JA020221"},{"@id":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2014JA020221"}],"createdAt":"2014-08-22","modifiedAt":"2023-10-03","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050025031478815104","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Morphology and dynamics of daytime mid-latitude sporadic-E patches revealed by GPS total electron content observations in Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050305876111996928","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"E-Field Effects on Day-To-Day Variations of Geomagnetic Mid-Latitude Sporadic E Layers"},{"@value":"E‐Field Effects on Day‐To‐Day Variations of Geomagnetic Mid‐Latitude Sporadic E Layers"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360567186511697152","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The Momentum Budget in the Stratosphere, Mesosphere, and Lower Thermosphere. Part II: The In Situ Generation of Gravity Waves"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/2051433317028469504","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"First simulations of day-to-day variability of mid-latitude sporadic E layer structures"}]}],"dataSourceIdentifier":[{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1002/2014ja020221"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2022ja031167_references_DOI_Imc7bzWrvYk5oMAyt8L4A9I4A0n"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1175/jas-d-17-0337.1_references_DOI_Imc7bzWrvYk5oMAyt8L4A9I4A0n"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40623-020-01299-8_references_DOI_Imc7bzWrvYk5oMAyt8L4A9I4A0n"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40623-015-0257-4_references_DOI_Imc7bzWrvYk5oMAyt8L4A9I4A0n"}]}