Carcinogens are Mutagens: A Simple Test System Combining Liver Homogenates for Activation and Bacteria for Detection

DOI Web Site 被引用文献33件
  • Bruce N. Ames
    Biochemistry Department, University of California, Berkeley, Calif. 94720
  • William E. Durston
    Biochemistry Department, University of California, Berkeley, Calif. 94720
  • Edith Yamasaki
    Biochemistry Department, University of California, Berkeley, Calif. 94720
  • Frank D. Lee
    Biochemistry Department, University of California, Berkeley, Calif. 94720

書誌事項

公開日
1973-08
DOI
  • 10.1073/pnas.70.8.2281
公開者
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

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<jats:p> 18 Carcinogens, including aflatoxin B <jats:sub>1</jats:sub> , benzo(a)pyrene, acetylaminofluorene, benzidine, and dimethylamino- <jats:italic>trans</jats:italic> -stilbene, are shown to be activated by liver homogenates to form potent frameshift mutagens. We believe that these carcinogens have in common a ring system sufficiently planar for a stacking interaction with DNA base pairs and a part of the molecule capable of being metabolized to a reactive group: these structural features are discussed in terms of the theory of frameshift mutagenesis. We propose that these carcinogens, and many others that are mutagens, cause cancer by somatic mutation. A simple, inexpensive, and extremely sensitive test for detection of carcinogens as mutagens is described. It consists of the use of a rat or human liver homogenate for carcinogen activation (thus supplying mammalian metabolism) and a set of <jats:italic>Salmonella</jats:italic> histidine mutants for mutagen detection. The homogenate, bacteria, and a TPNH-generating system are all incubated together on a petri plate. With the most active compounds, as little as a few nanograms can be detected. </jats:p>

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