{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362825894515912704.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1038/nature09636"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"http://www.nature.com/articles/nature09636.pdf"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"http://www.nature.com/articles/nature09636"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"PMID","@value":"21150995"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"HANDLE","@value":"1983/abca73fd-124b-45cf-9834-168b71f741c5"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"Outer-core compositional stratification from observed core wave speed profiles"}],"description":[{"notation":[{"@value":"Light elements must be present in the nearly pure iron core of the Earth to match the remotely observed properties of the outer and inner cores. Crystallization of the inner core excludes light elements from the solid, concentrating them in liquid near the inner-core boundary that potentially rises and collects at the top of the core, and this may have a seismically observable signal. Here we present array-based observations of seismic waves sensitive to this part of the core whose wave speeds require there to be radial compositional variation in the topmost 300 km of the outer core. The velocity profile significantly departs from that of compression of a homogeneous liquid. Total light-element enrichment is up to five weight per cent at the top of the core if modelled in the Fe-O-S system. The stratification suggests the existence of a subadiabatic temperature gradient at the top of the outer core."}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825894515912705","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"George Helffrich"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825894515912704","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Satoshi Kaneshima"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"00280836"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"14764687"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Nature"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2010-12","prism:volume":"468","prism:number":"7325","prism:startingPage":"807","prism:endingPage":"810"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["http://www.springer.com/tdm"],"url":[{"@id":"http://www.nature.com/articles/nature09636.pdf"},{"@id":"http://www.nature.com/articles/nature09636"}],"createdAt":"2010-12-07","modifiedAt":"2023-05-18","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050025031472885632","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Retention of water in subducted slabs under core-mantle boundary conditions"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050565162984274816","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Impurity Resistivity of fcc and hcp Fe-Based Alloys: Thermal Stratification at the Top of the Core of Super-Earths"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050845760740810880","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Penetration of Alfvén waves into an upper stably-stratified layer excited by magnetoconvection in rotating spherical shells"},{"@value":"Penetration of Alfven waves into an upper stably-stratified layer excited by magnetoconvection in rotating spherical shells"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050854718517972992","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Stratification in planetary cores by liquid immiscibility in Fe-S-H"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050865021803077504","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Extensive iron–water exchange at Earth’s core–mantle boundary can explain seismic anomalies"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360002215916377856","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Formation, stratification, and mixing of the cores of Earth and Venus"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360002215942218752","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Isotopic heterogeneity of oceanic, arc and continental basalts and its implications for mantle dynamics"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360002216113796864","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Array analyses of SmKS waves and the stratification of Earth’s outermost core"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360004232425624960","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal 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