{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362825894589538432.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1029/2009ja014445"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1029%2F2009JA014445"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2009JA014445"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"Westward ionospheric electric field perturbations on the dayside associated with substorm processes"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:p>A controversy has risen in the direction of ionospheric electric field perturbation on the dayside caused by substorm expansion phase in recent years, i.e., eastward or westward. To exclude the effect of interplanetary magnetic field northward turning, the substorms without interplanetary field (IMF) trigger are required to investigate this issue. Previous works, such as that by Huang et al. (2004), showed that the eastward electric field perturbations caused by substorms can be observed. However, our case suggests that some substorms can produce strong westward electric field perturbations and drive westward equatorial electrojets on the dayside ionosphere. This westward electric field is created by an overshielding‐like imbalance state of field‐aligned currents (FACs), Region 2 (R2) FAC greater than Region 1 (R1) FAC, which is built up through R2 FAC enhancement rather than R1 FAC reduction due to IMF northward turning. The substorm processes should be responsible for the westward electric field especially through polar cap shrinkage and magnetic field dipolarization.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380004236851744131","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Y. Wei"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University  Beijing China"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825894589538432","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Z. Pu"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University  Beijing China"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825894589538565","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"M. Hong"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825894589538434","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Q. Zong"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University  Beijing China"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825894589538435","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Z. Ren"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825894589538564","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"S. Fu"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University  Beijing China"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825894589538560","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"L. Xie"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University  Beijing China"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825894589538562","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"S. Alex"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Indian Institute of Geomagnetism  Navi Mumbai India"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825894589538561","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"X. Cao"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University  Beijing China"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825894589538566","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"J. Wang"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University  Beijing China"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825894589538563","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"X. Chu"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University  Beijing China"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"01480227"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2009-12","prism:volume":"114","prism:number":"A12","prism:startingPage":"A12209"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor"],"url":[{"@id":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1029%2F2009JA014445"},{"@id":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2009JA014445"}],"createdAt":"2009-12-08","modifiedAt":"2023-10-31","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050282810790175104","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Counter equatorial electrojet and overshielding after substorm onset: Global MHD simulation study"},{"@value":"Counter electrojet and overshielding after substorm onset: Global MHD simulation study"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050570852906984064","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Intensity and time series of extreme solar-terrestrial storm in 1946 March"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360004230175027456","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Can a nightside geomagnetic Delta H observed at the equator manifest a penetration electric field?"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360004230175065344","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The response of the dayside equatorial electrojet to step‐like changes of IMF <i>B<sub>Z</sub></i>"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360004233288415104","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Polar-equatorial ionospheric currents driven by the region 2 field-aligned currents at the onset of substorms"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360285704784936448","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Substorm Overshielding Electric Field at Low Latitude on the Nightside as Observed by the HF Doppler Sounder and Magnetometers"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360565168964328960","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Transmission of the electric fields to the low latitude ionosphere in the magnetosphere-ionosphere current circuit"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/2050307417119867392","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Penetration electric fields observed at middle and low latitudes during the 22 June 2015 geomagnetic storm"}]}],"dataSourceIdentifier":[{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2009ja014445"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1002/2014ja020065_references_DOI_TIscxXpW7twUSUNIBUVtOZITfc5"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1002/jgra.50174_references_DOI_TIscxXpW7twUSUNIBUVtOZITfc5"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1002/jgra.50318_references_DOI_TIscxXpW7twUSUNIBUVtOZITfc5"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2011ja016442_references_DOI_TIscxXpW7twUSUNIBUVtOZITfc5"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40562-016-0035-6_references_DOI_TIscxXpW7twUSUNIBUVtOZITfc5"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1002/2017ja024329_references_DOI_TIscxXpW7twUSUNIBUVtOZITfc5"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1093/mnras/staa1508_references_DOI_TIscxXpW7twUSUNIBUVtOZITfc5"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40623-020-01196-0_references_DOI_TIscxXpW7twUSUNIBUVtOZITfc5"}]}