{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362825894972970880.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1016/j.jhep.2005.03.026"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0168827805003144?httpAccept=text/xml"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0168827805003144?httpAccept=text/plain"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"PMID","@value":"16023246"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"Accumulation of 8-nitroguanine in the liver of patients with chronic hepatitis C"}],"description":[{"notation":[{"@value":"Nucleic acid damage by reactive nitrogen and oxygen species may contribute to inflammation-related carcinogenesis. To investigate the extent of nucleic acid damage in hepatitis C virus infection and its change after interferon treatment, we measured 8-nitroguanine and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in the liver of patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) before and after interferon therapy.Hepatic accumulation of 8-nitroguanine and 8-OHdG was immunohistochemically evaluated in 20 CHC patients and 7 control patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver.Immunoreactivities of 8-nitroguanine and 8-OHdG were strongly detected in the liver from patients with CHC, but not in control livers. 8-Nitroguanine accumulation was found not only in infiltrating inflammatory cells, but also hepatocytes particularly in the periportal area. The accumulation of 8-nitroguanine and 8-OHdG increased with inflammatory grade (8-nitroguanine; P = 0.0019, 8-OHdG; P = 0.0009). In the sustained virological responder group after interferon therapy, 8-nitroguanine and 8-OHdG accumulation were markedly decreased in the liver (8-nitroguanine; P = 0.018, 8-OHdG; P = 0.018).In this study, we demonstrated for the first time that 8-nitroguanine accumulated in the liver of patients with CHC. 8-Nitroguanine is a useful biomarker to evaluate the severity of HCV-induced chronic inflammation in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma."}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825894972970752","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Shinichiro Horiike"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825894972970881","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Shosuke Kawanishi"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825894972970755","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Masahiko Kaito"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825894972970880","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Ning Ma"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825894972970756","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Hideaki Tanaka"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825894972970883","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Naoki Fujita"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825894972970757","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Motoh Iwasa"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825894972970886","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Yoshinao Kobayashi"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825894972970758","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Yusuke Hiraku"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825894972970753","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Shinji Oikawa"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825894972970759","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Mariko Murata"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825894972970882","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Jinyan Wang"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825894972970884","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Reiji Semba"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825894972970885","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Shozo Watanabe"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825894972970754","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Yukihiko Adachi"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"01688278"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Journal of Hepatology"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"Elsevier BV"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2005-09","prism:volume":"43","prism:number":"3","prism:startingPage":"403","prism:endingPage":"410"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"],"url":[{"@id":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0168827805003144?httpAccept=text/xml"},{"@id":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0168827805003144?httpAccept=text/plain"}],"createdAt":"2005-06-01","modifiedAt":"2019-02-22","foaf:topic":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Adult","dc:title":"Adult"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Inflammation","dc:title":"Inflammation"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Male","dc:title":"Male"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Carcinoma,%20Hepatocellular","dc:title":"Carcinoma, Hepatocellular"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Guanine","dc:title":"Guanine"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Liver%20Neoplasms","dc:title":"Liver Neoplasms"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Deoxyguanosine","dc:title":"Deoxyguanosine"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Hepatitis%20C,%20Chronic","dc:title":"Hepatitis C, Chronic"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Middle%20Aged","dc:title":"Middle Aged"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Liver","dc:title":"Liver"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine","dc:title":"8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Humans","dc:title":"Humans"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Female","dc:title":"Female"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Reactive%20Oxygen%20Species","dc:title":"Reactive Oxygen Species"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Biomarkers","dc:title":"Biomarkers"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Aged","dc:title":"Aged"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=DNA%20Damage","dc:title":"DNA 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