{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362825895166229632.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.4049/jimmunol.169.6.2956"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://academic.oup.com/jimmunol/article-pdf/169/6/2956/62560766/2956.pdf"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"Innate Immune Response to Malaria: Rapid Induction of IFN-γ from Human NK Cells by Live\n                    <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>\n                    -Infected Erythrocytes"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To determine the potential contribution of innate immune responses to the early proinflammatory cytokine response to Plasmodium falciparum malaria, we have examined the kinetics and cellular sources of IFN-γ production in response to human PBMC activation by intact, infected RBC (iRBC) or freeze-thaw lysates of P. falciparum schizonts. Infected erythrocytes induce a more rapid and intense IFN-γ response from malaria-naive PBMC than do P. falciparum schizont lysates correlating with rapid iRBC activation of the CD3−CD56+ NK cell population to produce IFN-γ. IFN-γ+ NK cells are detectable within 6 h of coculture with iRBC, their numbers peaking at 24 h in most donors. There is marked heterogeneity between donors in magnitude of the NK-IFN-γ response that does not correlate with mitogen- or cytokine-induced NK activation or prior malaria exposure. The NK cell-mediated IFN-γ response is highly IL-12 dependent and appears to be partially IL-18 dependent. Exogenous rIL-12 or rIL-18 did not augment NK cell IFN-γ responses, indicating that production of IL-12 and IL-18 is not the limiting factor explaining differences in NK cell reactivity between donors or between live and dead parasites. These data indicate that NK cells may represent an important early source of IFN-γ, a cytokine that has been implicated in induction of various antiparasitic effector mechanisms. The heterogeneity of this early IFN-γ response between donors suggests a variation in their ability to mount a rapid proinflammatory cytokine response to malaria infection that may, in turn, influence their innate susceptibility to malaria infection, malaria-related morbidity, or death from malaria.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825895166229633","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Katerina Artavanis-Tsakonas"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , London ,"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380870489015028864","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Eleanor M Riley"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , London ,"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"00221767"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"15506606"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"The Journal of Immunology"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"Oxford University Press (OUP)"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2002-09","prism:volume":"169","prism:number":"6","prism:startingPage":"2956","prism:endingPage":"2963"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["https://academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights"],"url":[{"@id":"https://academic.oup.com/jimmunol/article-pdf/169/6/2956/62560766/2956.pdf"}],"createdAt":"2014-04-20","modifiedAt":"2026-02-02","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360013168751755008","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Babesia microti Confers Macrophage-Based Cross-Protective Immunity Against Murine Malaria"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360565169465990400","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Significant Association of KIR2DL3-HLA-C1 Combination with Cerebral Malaria and Implications for Co-evolution of KIR and HLA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390282679878751104","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Cytokine profile of murine malaria: stage-related production of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines"}]}],"dataSourceIdentifier":[{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.4049/jimmunol.169.6.2956"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.2220/biomedres.32.203_references_DOI_FZeHxDeytNQFK1al0Cs9KkHx2wR"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.3389/fcimb.2020.00193_references_DOI_FZeHxDeytNQFK1al0Cs9KkHx2wR"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1371/journal.ppat.1002565_references_DOI_FZeHxDeytNQFK1al0Cs9KkHx2wR"}]}