{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362825896035137792.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1029/98jb01122"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1029%2F98JB01122"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/98JB01122"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"Waveform inversion of very long period impulsive signals associated with magmatic injection beneath Kilauea volcano, Hawaii"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:p>We use data from broadband seismometers deployed around the summit of Kilauea Volcano to quantify the mechanism associated with a transient in the flow of magma feeding the east rift eruption of the volcano. The transient is marked by rapid inflation of the Kilauea summit peaking at 22 μrad 4.5 hours after the event onset, followed by slow deflation over a period of 3 days. Superimposed on the summit inflation is a series of sawtooth displacement pulses, each characterized by a sudden drop in amplitude lasting 5–10 s followed by an exponential recovery lasting 1–3 min. The sawtooth waveforms display almost identical shapes, suggesting a process involving the repeated activation of a fixed source. The particle motion associated with each sawtooth is almost linear, and its major swing shows compressional motion at all stations. Analyses of semblance and particle motion are consistent with a point source located 1 km beneath the northeast edge of the Halemaumau pit crater. To estimate the source mechanism, we apply a moment tensor inversion to the waveform data, assuming a point source embedded in a homogeneous half‐space with compressional and shear wave velocities representative of the average medium properties at shallow depth under Kilauea. Synthetic waveforms are constructed by a superposition of impulse responses for six moment tensor components and three single force components. The origin times of individual impulses are distributed along the time axis at appropriately small, equal intervals, and their amplitudes are determined by least squares. In this inversion, the source time functions of the six tensor and three force components are determined simultaneously. We confirm the accuracy of the inversion method through a series of numerical tests. The results from the inversion show that the waveform data are well explained by a pulsating transport mechanism operating on a subhorizontal crack linking the summit reservoir to the east rift of Kilauea. The crack acts like a buffer in which a batch of fluid (magma and/or gas) accumulates over a period of 1–3 min before being rapidly injected into a larger reservoir (possibly the east rift) over a timescale of 5–10 s. The seismic moment and volume change associated with a typical batch of fluid are approximately 10<jats:sup>14</jats:sup> N m and 3000 m<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>, respectively. Our results also point to the existence of a single force component with amplitude of 10<jats:sup>9</jats:sup> N, which may be explained as the drag force generated by the flow of viscous magma through a narrow constriction in the flow path. The total volume of magma associated with the 4.5‐hour‐long activation of the pulsating source is roughly 500,000 m<jats:sup>3</jats:sup> in good agreement with the integrated volume flow rate of magma estimated near the eruptive site.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825896035137920","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Takao Ohminato"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825896035137922","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Bernard A. Chouet"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825896035137921","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Phillip Dawson"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825896035137923","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Sharon Kedar"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"01480227"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)"}],"prism:publicationDate":"1998-10-10","prism:volume":"103","prism:number":"B10","prism:startingPage":"23839","prism:endingPage":"23862"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor"],"url":[{"@id":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1029%2F98JB01122"},{"@id":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/98JB01122"}],"createdAt":"2004-02-03","modifiedAt":"2023-09-23","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360002216707238784","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Airwaves generated by an underwater explosion: Implications for volcanic infrasound"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360004231248429184","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Sawtooth wave-like pressure changes in a syrup eruption experiment: 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explosions"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360869854372807424","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Oscillation frequencies of long-period seismic events at Kusatsu–Shirane volcano, Japan, related to the volume of water vapour in a hydrothermal crack"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361131418080256384","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Amplitude Source Location Method With Depth‐Dependent Scattering and Attenuation Structures: Application at Nevado del Ruiz Volcano, Colombia"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390001204303054464","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Recent Advances in Quantification of the Sources of Volcano-seismic Signals"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"火山性地震の発生過程"},{"@value":"火山性地震の発生過程--定量化に関する最近の成果"},{"@language":"ja-Kana","@value":"カザンセイ ジシン ノ ハッセイ カテイ テイリョウカ ニ カンスル サイキン ノ セイカ"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390282681489379328","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Vulcanian eruptions with dominant single force components observed during the Asama 2004 volcanic activity in Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390282763099715584","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Quantification of seismic and acoustic waves to characterize the 2014 and 2015 eruptions of Kuchinoerabujima Volcano, Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/2051714791980357120","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"OpenSWPC : an open-source integrated 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