{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1362825896139227776.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1017/s0022112097007891"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0022112097007891"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"NAID","@value":"80010187958"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"Mixing, structure and scaling of the jet in crossflow"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:p>The mixing of the round jet normal to a uniform crossflow is studied\n for a range \nof jet-to-crossflow velocity ratios, <jats:italic>r</jats:italic>, from 5 to 25. \nPlanar laser-induced fluorescence \n(PLIF) of acetone vapour seeded into the jet is used to acquire quantitative\n two-dimensional \nimages of the scalar concentration field. Emphasis is placed on <jats:italic>r</jats:italic>=10\n \nand <jats:italic>r</jats:italic>=20 and a few select images are acquired up to <jats:italic>r</jats:italic>=200.\n \nThe Reynolds number based on the jet exit diameter, <jats:italic>d</jats:italic>, \nand the exit velocity varies from 8400 to 41 500. \nImages are acquired for conditions in which the product <jats:italic>rd</jats:italic> is\n \nheld constant, requiring decreasing <jats:italic>d</jats:italic> for increasing <jats:italic>r</jats:italic>.</jats:p><jats:p>Results from this experimental study concern structural events of the\n vortex \ninteraction region, and mixing and mean centreline concentration decay\n in the near and \nfar fields. The results cover all three regions of the transverse jet,\n and suggest that the \njet scales with three length scales: <jats:italic>d</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>rd</jats:italic> and \n<jats:italic>r</jats:italic><jats:sup>2</jats:sup><jats:italic>d</jats:italic>.</jats:p><jats:p>Events within the vortex interaction region display <jats:italic>d</jats:italic>-scaling,\n \nincluding the crossflow boundary layer separation and roll-up. Over \nthe range of velocity ratios studied, the \nvortex interaction region shows <jats:italic>r</jats:italic>-dependent variations in the\n \nflow field, including the \nemergence of jet fluid in the wake structures for <jats:italic>r</jats:italic>>10 and\n a slower development of \nthe counter-rotating vortex pair (CVP) in higher-<jats:italic>r</jats:italic> jets.</jats:p><jats:p>The trajectory and physical dimension of the jet in both the near and\n far field \ndisplay <jats:italic>rd</jats:italic>-scaling. The near field is characterized \nby a centreline concentration decay \nalong the centreline coordinate <jats:italic>s</jats:italic> of <jats:italic>s</jats:italic><jats:sup>−1.3</jats:sup>,\n different \nfrom the decay rate (<jats:italic>s</jats:italic><jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>) of the free \njet. When normalized by <jats:italic>rd</jats:italic>, the decay of each velocity-ratio jet\n branches away from \nthe <jats:italic>s</jats:italic><jats:sup>−1.3</jats:sup> decay, approaching a decay of \n<jats:italic>s</jats:italic><jats:sup>−2/3</jats:sup>, a rate predicted by modelling efforts.\n \nThe branch points represent a transition in the flow field from enhanced\n mixing to \nreduced mixing compared to the free jet. When normalized by \n<jats:italic>r</jats:italic><jats:sup>2</jats:sup><jats:italic>d</jats:italic>, the branch points \noccur at a uniform jet position, <jats:italic>s</jats:italic>/<jats:italic>r</jats:italic><jats:sup>2</jats:sup><jats:italic>d</jats:italic>=0.3,\n \nwhich is viewed to be the division between \nthe near and far fields. Self-similarity is not seen in the near field,\n but may be present \nin the far field.</jats:p><jats:p>The view of the branch points as a place of transition in the flow is\n supported by \nthe probability density function (p.d.f.) of concentration along the upper\n edge of the \njet. Before the branch points, the p.d.f.s are non-marching in character,\n and after the \nbranch points, they are tilted in character.</jats:p><jats:p>Instantaneously, the CVP is asymmetric in shape and concentration. End\n views \nreveal extensive motion of the CVP and plan views show this motion can\n occur in \nboth axisymmetric and sinusoidal motion. Ensemble-averaged images show\n the jet \nconcentration is asymmetric about the centreline plane.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825896139227777","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"S. H. SMITH"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1382825896139227776","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"M. G. MUNGAL"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"00221120"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"14697645"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)"}],"prism:publicationDate":"1998-02-25","prism:volume":"357","prism:startingPage":"83","prism:endingPage":"122"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms"],"url":[{"@id":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0022112097007891"}],"createdAt":"2002-07-27","modifiedAt":"2019-06-07","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360285714022955648","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Large-Eddy Simulation of Jet in Supersonic Crossflow with Different Injectant Species"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360853567516854400","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Measurement and modeling of planar airblast spray flux distributions"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390001204469484672","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy","isCitedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Numerical Analysis of Effects of Pseudo Shock Wave Formation on Supersonic Combustion Field Assisted by Plasma Jet"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"プラズマジェットで支援された超音速燃焼場に対する擬似衝撃波形成の影響に関する数値解析"},{"@language":"ja-Kana","@value":"プラズマジェット デ シエン サレタ チョウオンソク ネンショウバ ニ タイスル ギジ ショウゲキハ ケイセイ ノ エイキョウ ニ カンスル スウチ カイセキ"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390001205246771584","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"An Inclined Jet through a Forward Expanded Hole Ejected into Mainstream over a Concave Surface"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390580925871031168","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Effect of Crossflow-to-Jet Temperature Ratio on Heat Transfer and Flow of Impingement Cooling"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1571980074728797952","@type":"Article","relationType":["isCitedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Laboratory observations of interactions of forced plumes with stratified shear layers"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1572824500636519680","@type":"Article","relationType":["isCitedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Unsteady wake vortices in jets in cross-flow"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1573105975306094592","@type":"Article","relationType":["isCitedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Use of PLIF and PIV Techniques to Analyze the Flow Mixing in Dilution Zone of an Aeronautic Combustor"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1573105975412521472","@type":"Article","relationType":["isCitedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Numerical Visualization of Vortex Flow Behavior in Square Jets in Cross-Flow"}]}],"dataSourceIdentifier":[{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1017/s0022112097007891"},{"@type":"CIA","@value":"80010187958"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1299/jfst.2.311_references_DOI_Qz58UbUgs1aOzNFYL3qcbHALUJK"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.2514/1.j051550_references_DOI_Qz58UbUgs1aOzNFYL3qcbHALUJK"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.38036/jgpp.15.1_1_references_DOI_Qz58UbUgs1aOzNFYL3qcbHALUJK"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.2322/jjsass.59.27_references_DOI_Qz58UbUgs1aOzNFYL3qcbHALUJK"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2021.103580_references_DOI_Qz58UbUgs1aOzNFYL3qcbHALUJK"}]}