{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363388843460108928.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1007/s00585-997-0029-y"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://angeo.copernicus.org/articles/15/29/1997/angeo-15-29-1997.pdf"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"Interferometric evidence for the observation of ground backscatter originating behind the CUTLASS coherent HF radars"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:p>Abstract. Interferometric techniques allow the SuperDARN coherent HF radars to determine the elevation angles of returned backscatter, giving information on the altitude of the scatter volume, in the case of ionospheric backscatter, or the reflection altitude, in the case of ground backscatter. Assumptions have to be made in the determination of elevation angles, including the direction of arrival, or azimuth, of the returned signals, usually taken to be the forward look-direction (north) of the radars, specified by the phasing of the antenna arrays. It is shown that this assumption is not always valid in the case of ground backscatter, and that significant returns can be detected from the backward look-direction of the radars. The response of the interferometer to backscatter from behind the radar is modelled and compared with observations. It is found that ground backscatter from a field-of-view that is the mirror image of the forward-looking field-of-view is a common feature of the observations, and this interpretation successfully explains several anomalies in the received backscatter.\n                    </jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380005521909436294","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"S. E. Milan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388843460108928","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"T. B. Jones"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388843460108931","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"T. R. Robinson"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388843460108930","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"E. C. Thomas"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388843460108929","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"T. K. Yeoman"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"14320576"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Annales Geophysicae"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"Copernicus GmbH"}],"prism:publicationDate":"1997-01-31","prism:volume":"15","prism:number":"1","prism:startingPage":"29","prism:endingPage":"39"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["http://www.egu.eu"],"url":[{"@id":"https://angeo.copernicus.org/articles/15/29/1997/angeo-15-29-1997.pdf"}],"createdAt":"2005-04-07","modifiedAt":"2021-01-27","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360017282189620992","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"On the Noise Estimation in Super Dual Auroral Radar Network Data"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360290617823261056","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Development of remote HF wave receiver in the backlobe direction of the SuperDARN Hokkaido East radar: Initial observations"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/2050588892143254272","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Application of ground scatter returns for calibration of HF interferometry data"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/2051151842044692096","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Review of the accomplishments of midlatitude Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) HF radars"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/2051433317026704640","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Comparison of SuperDARN peak electron density estimates based on elevation angle measurements to ionosonde and incoherent scatter radar measurements"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/2051433317070244224","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Statistical study of medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances using SuperDARN Hokkaido ground backscatter data for 2011"}]}],"dataSourceIdentifier":[{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1007/s00585-997-0029-y"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40623-015-0310-3_references_DOI_McdYZwbfxUcYwkhv2zlmWqYSOTY"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40623-020-01170-w_references_DOI_McdYZwbfxUcYwkhv2zlmWqYSOTY"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2022rs007449_references_DOI_McdYZwbfxUcYwkhv2zlmWqYSOTY"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1016/j.polar.2021.100669_references_DOI_McdYZwbfxUcYwkhv2zlmWqYSOTY"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40623-015-0192-4_references_DOI_McdYZwbfxUcYwkhv2zlmWqYSOTY"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40645-019-0270-5_references_DOI_McdYZwbfxUcYwkhv2zlmWqYSOTY"}]}