{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363388843804765696.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1002/2016gb005586"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2F2016GB005586"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2016GB005586"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"A reevaluation of the magnitude and impacts of anthropogenic atmospheric nitrogen inputs on the ocean"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>We report a new synthesis of best estimates of the inputs of fixed nitrogen to the world ocean via atmospheric deposition and compare this to fluvial inputs and dinitrogen fixation. We evaluate the scale of human perturbation of these fluxes. Fluvial inputs dominate inputs to the continental shelf, and we estimate that about 75% of this fluvial nitrogen escapes from the shelf to the open ocean. Biological dinitrogen fixation is the main external source of nitrogen to the open ocean, i.e., beyond the continental shelf. Atmospheric deposition is the primary mechanism by which land‐based nitrogen inputs, and hence human perturbations of the nitrogen cycle, reach the open ocean. We estimate that anthropogenic inputs are currently leading to an increase in overall ocean carbon sequestration of ~0.4% (equivalent to an uptake of 0.15 Pg C yr<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> and less than the Duce et al. (2008) estimate). The resulting reduction in climate change forcing from this ocean CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> uptake is offset to a small extent by an increase in ocean N<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O emissions. We identify four important feedbacks in the ocean atmosphere nitrogen system that need to be better quantified to improve our understanding of the perturbation of ocean biogeochemistry by atmospheric nitrogen inputs. These feedbacks are recycling of (1) ammonia and (2) organic nitrogen from the ocean to the atmosphere and back, (3) the suppression of nitrogen fixation by increased nitrogen concentrations in surface waters from atmospheric deposition, and (4) increased loss of nitrogen from the ocean by denitrification due to increased productivity stimulated by atmospheric inputs.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388843804765699","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"T. D. Jickells"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"School of Environmental Science University of East Anglia  Norwich UK"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388843804765711","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"E. Buitenhuis"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"School of Environmental Science University of East Anglia  Norwich UK"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388843804765700","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"K. Altieri"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Energy Research Centre University of Cape Town  Cape Town South Africa"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388843804765703","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"A. R. Baker"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"School of Environmental Science University of East Anglia  Norwich UK"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388843804765571","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"D. Capone"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Department of Biological Sciences University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388843804765697","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"R. A. Duce"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Departments of Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences Texas A&M University  College Station Texas USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388843804765698","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"F. Dentener"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"DG Joint Research Centre European Commission  Ispra Italy"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388843804765572","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"K. Fennel"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Department of Oceanography Dalhousie University  Halifax Nova Scotia Canada"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388843804765574","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"M. Kanakidou"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Department of Chemistry University of Crete  Heraklion Greece"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388843804765569","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"J. LaRoche"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Department of Biology Dalhousie University  Halifax Nova Scotia Canada"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388843804765573","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"K. Lee"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"School of Environmental Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology  Pohang South Korea"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388843804765707","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"P. Liss"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"School of Environmental Science University of East Anglia  Norwich UK"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388843804765706","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"J. J. Middelburg"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Faculty of Geosciences University of Utrecht  Utrecht Netherlands"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388843804765705","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"J. K. Moore"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Department of Earth System Science University of California  Irvine California USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388843804765702","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"G. Okin"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Department of Geography University of California  Los Angeles California USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388843804765709","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"A. Oschlies"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"GEOMAR  Kiel Germany"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388843804765696","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"M. Sarin"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Geosciences Division Physical Research Laboratory  Ahmedabad India"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388843804765710","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"S. Seitzinger"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Department of Environmental Studies University of Victoria  Victoria British Columbia Canada"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388843804765701","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"J. Sharples"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"School of Environmental Sciences University of Liverpool  Liverpool UK"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388843804765568","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"A. Singh"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Geosciences Division Physical Research Laboratory  Ahmedabad India"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388843804765708","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"P. Suntharalingam"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"School of Environmental Science University of East Anglia  Norwich UK"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388843804765570","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"M. Uematsu"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Center for International Collaboration, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388843804765704","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"L. M. Zamora"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Centre  Greenbelt Maryland USA"},{"@value":"Universities Space Research Association  Greenbelt Maryland USA"}]}],"contributor":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1893118016337160201","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"LEE, KITACK"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1890865118292000388","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Geochemistry"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1890865118292000513","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Bio-, hydro-, and environmental geochemistry"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"08866236"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"19449224"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2017-02","prism:volume":"31","prism:number":"2","prism:startingPage":"289","prism:endingPage":"305"},"reviewed":"false","dcterms:accessRights":"http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2","dc:rights":["http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor"],"url":[{"@id":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2F2016GB005586"},{"@id":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2016GB005586"}],"createdAt":"2017-01-21","modifiedAt":"2023-09-24","foaf:topic":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=N%20P%20STOICHIOMETRY","dc:title":"N P STOICHIOMETRY"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=MINERAL%20DUST","dc:title":"MINERAL DUST"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=ARABIAN%20SEA","dc:title":"ARABIAN SEA"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=atmospheric%20deposition","dc:title":"atmospheric deposition"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=AMMONIA-OXIDIZING%20ARCHAEA","dc:title":"AMMONIA-OXIDIZING ARCHAEA"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=DUST%20DEPOSITION","dc:title":"DUST DEPOSITION"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=CARBON%20BUDGET","dc:title":"CARBON BUDGET"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=551","dc:title":"551"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=ocean","dc:title":"ocean"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=nitrogen","dc:title":"nitrogen"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=ORGANIC-MATTER","dc:title":"ORGANIC-MATTER"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=DINITROGEN-FIXATION","dc:title":"DINITROGEN-FIXATION"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=NORTH-ATLANTIC%20OCEAN","dc:title":"NORTH-ATLANTIC OCEAN"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=N-2%20FIXATION","dc:title":"N-2 FIXATION"}],"relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050022853111392768","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Marine aerosol feedback on biogeochemical cycles and the climate in 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