{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363388844560635392.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1144/gsl.sp.2006.268.01.01"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://www.lyellcollection.org/doi/pdf/10.1144/GSL.SP.2006.268.01.01"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"Channel flow, ductile extrusion and exhumation in continental collision zones: an introduction"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n          <jats:p>The channel flow model aims to explain features common to metamorphic hinterlands of some collisional orogens, notably along the Himalaya-Tibet system. Channel flow describes a protracted flow of a weak, viscous crustal layer between relatively rigid yet deformable bounding crustal slabs. Once a critical low viscosity is attained (due to partial melting), the weak layer flows laterally due to a horizontal gradient in lithostatic pressure. In the Himalaya-Tibet system, this lithostatic pressure gradient is created by the high crustal thicknesses beneath the Tibetan Plateau and ‘normal’ crustal thickness in the foreland. Focused denudation can result in exhumation of the channel material within a narrow, nearly symmetric zone. If channel flow is operating at the same time as focused denudation, this can result in extrusion of the mid-crust between an upper normal-sense boundary and a lower thrust-sense boundary. The bounding shear zones of the extruding channel may have opposite shear sense; the sole shear zone is always a thrust, while the roof shear zone may display normal or thrust sense, depending on the relative velocity between the upper crust and the underlying extruding material. This introductory chapter addresses the historical, theoretical, geological and modelling aspects of channel flow, emphasizing its applicability to the Himalaya-Tibet orogen. Critical tests for channel flow in the Himalaya, and possible applications to other orogenic belts, are also presented.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380285532879684750","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"L. Godin"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Department of Geological Sciences & Geological Engineering, Queen’s University\rKingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388844560635395","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"D. Grujic"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Department of Earth Sciences, Dalhousie University\rHalifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4J1, Canada"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388844560635394","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"R. D. Law"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Department of Geological Sciences, Virginia Tech.\rBlacksburg, VA 24061, USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388844560635392","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"M. P. Searle"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Department of Earth Sciences, Oxford University\rOxford, OX1 3PR, UK"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"03058719"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"20414927"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Geological Society, London, Special Publications"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"Geological Society of London"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2006-01","prism:volume":"268","prism:number":"1","prism:startingPage":"1","prism:endingPage":"23"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-002"],"url":[{"@id":"https://www.lyellcollection.org/doi/pdf/10.1144/GSL.SP.2006.268.01.01"}],"createdAt":"2008-04-30","modifiedAt":"2024-07-23","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360017282423036032","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Intra-channel detachment in a collisional orogen: The Jhala Normal Fault in the Bhagirathi river section, Garhwal Higher Himalaya, India"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360017282425254656","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Eocene to Miocene metamorphic evolution and tectonic implication of the Ilam Nappe in Nepal Himalaya: Constraints from P–T conditions and monazite petrochronology"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360848658957636096","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"1.74 Ga crustal melting after rifting at the northern Indian margin: investigation of mylonitic orthogneisses in the Kathmandu area, central Nepal"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360848661184952704","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Early Oligocene partial melting via biotite dehydration melting and prolonged low-pressure–low-temperature metamorphism of the upper High Himalaya Crystalline Sequence in the far east of Nepal"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361694365734194560","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The absence of high-pressure metamorphism in the inverted Barrovian metamorphic sequences of the Arun area, eastern Nepal and its tectonic implication"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390001206239472128","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Tectonics of the Himalayas"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"ヒマラヤのテクトニクス"},{"@language":"ja-Kana","@value":"ヒマラヤ ノ テクトニクス"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390282679207522048","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Geotectonic Subdivision of the Japanese Islands Revisited: Categorization and Definition of Elements and Boundaries of Pacific-type (Miyashiro-type) Orogen"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"日本列島の地体構造区分再訪―太平洋型（都城型）造山帯構成単元および境界の分類・定義―"},{"@language":"ja-Kana","@value":"ニホン レットウ ノ ジタイ コウゾウ クブン サイホウ タイヘイヨウガタ ミヤシロガタ ゾウザンタイ コウセイ タンゲン オヨビ キョウカイ ノ ブンルイ テイギ"},{"@value":"Geotectonic subdivision of the Japanese Islands revisited: Categorization and definition of elements and boundaries of Pacific-type (Miyashiro-type) orogeny"},{"@value":"Geotectonic subdivision of the Japanese Islands revisited and relevant new perspective: categorization and definition of elements and boundaries of a Pacific-type (Miyashiro-type) orogen"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/2051151841908060032","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Evolution and variability of the Asian monsoon and its potential linkage with uplift of the Himalaya and Tibetan Plateau"}]}],"dataSourceIdentifier":[{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1144/gsl.sp.2006.268.01.01"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.5575/geosoc.2017.0026_references_DOI_HLoHFbMP5U3sQonnkWS8txLnkvp"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1007/s12040-022-02019-4_references_DOI_HLoHFbMP5U3sQonnkWS8txLnkvp"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1016/j.jseaes.2022.105276_references_DOI_HLoHFbMP5U3sQonnkWS8txLnkvp"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.5026/jgeography.119.999_references_DOI_HLoHFbMP5U3sQonnkWS8txLnkvp"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40645-016-0080-y_references_DOI_HLoHFbMP5U3sQonnkWS8txLnkvp"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1080/00206814.2018.1504329_references_DOI_HLoHFbMP5U3sQonnkWS8txLnkvp"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1144/sp481.2_references_DOI_HLoHFbMP5U3sQonnkWS8txLnkvp"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1007/s00531-019-01816-5_references_DOI_HLoHFbMP5U3sQonnkWS8txLnkvp"}]}