{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363388845161529344.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1161/circulationaha.106.687152"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.687152"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"Renal Insufficiency Following Contrast Media Administration Trial (REMEDIAL)"}],"dcterms:alternative":[{"@value":"A Randomized Comparison of 3 Preventive Strategies"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Background—</jats:italic>\n                    </jats:bold>\n                    Volume supplementation by saline infusion combined with\n                    <jats:italic>N</jats:italic>\n                    -acetylcysteine (NAC) represents an effective strategy to prevent contrast agent–induced nephrotoxicity (CIN). Preliminary data support the concept that sodium bicarbonate and ascorbic acid also may be effective in preventing CIN.\n                  </jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Methods and Results—</jats:italic>\n                    </jats:bold>\n                    Three hundred twenty-six consecutive patients with chronic kidney disease, referred to our institutions for coronary and/or peripheral procedures, were randomly assigned to prophylactic administration of 0.9% saline infusion plus NAC (n=111), sodium bicarbonate infusion plus NAC (n=108), and 0.9% saline plus ascorbic acid plus NAC (n=107). All enrolled patients had serum creatinine ≥2.0 mg/dL and/or estimated glomerular filtration rate <40 mL · min\n                    <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>\n                    · 1.73 m\n                    <jats:sup>−2</jats:sup>\n                    . Contrast nephropathy risk score was calculated in each patient. In all cases, iodixanol (an iso-osmolar, nonionic contrast agent) was administered. The primary end point was an increase of ≥25% in the creatinine concentration 48 hours after the procedure (CIN). The amount of contrast media administered (179±102, 169±92, and 169±94 mL, respectively;\n                    <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>\n                    =0.69) and risk scores (9.1±3.4, 9.5±3.6, and 9.3±3.6;\n                    <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>\n                    =0.21) were similar in the 3 groups. CIN occurred in 11 of 111 patients (9.9%) in the saline plus NAC group, in 2 of 108 (1.9%) in the bicarbonate plus NAC group (\n                    <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>\n                    =0.019 by Fisher exact test versus saline plus NAC group), and in 11 of 107 (10.3%) in the saline plus ascorbic acid plus NAC group (\n                    <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>\n                    =1.00 versus saline plus NAC group).\n                  </jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Conclusions—</jats:italic>\n                    </jats:bold>\n                    The strategy of volume supplementation by sodium bicarbonate plus NAC seems to be superior to the combination of normal saline with NAC alone or with the addition of ascorbic acid in preventing CIN in patients at medium to high risk.\n                  </jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388845161529347","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Carlo Briguori"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"From the Laboratory of Interventional Cardiology and Department of Cardiology, Clinica Mediterranea, Naples (C.B., D.D., A.F., B.R.); Laboratory of Interventional Cardiology, “Vita e Salute” University School of Medicine, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan (C.B., F.A., N.M., I.M., M.M., M.C., J.C., A.C.); and Institute of Medical Statistics and Biometry, University of Milan, Milan (E.B.), Italy."}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388845161529349","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Flavio Airoldi"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"From the Laboratory of Interventional Cardiology and Department of Cardiology, Clinica Mediterranea, Naples (C.B., D.D., A.F., B.R.); Laboratory of Interventional Cardiology, “Vita e Salute” University School of Medicine, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan (C.B., F.A., N.M., I.M., M.M., M.C., J.C., A.C.); and Institute of Medical Statistics and Biometry, University of Milan, Milan (E.B.), Italy."}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388845161529220","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Davide D’Andrea"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"From the Laboratory of Interventional Cardiology and Department of Cardiology, Clinica Mediterranea, Naples (C.B., D.D., A.F., B.R.); Laboratory of Interventional Cardiology, “Vita e Salute” University School of Medicine, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan (C.B., F.A., N.M., I.M., M.M., M.C., J.C., A.C.); and Institute of Medical Statistics and Biometry, University of Milan, Milan (E.B.), Italy."}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388845161529344","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Erminio Bonizzoni"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"From the Laboratory of Interventional Cardiology and Department of Cardiology, Clinica Mediterranea, Naples (C.B., D.D., A.F., B.R.); Laboratory of Interventional Cardiology, “Vita e Salute” University School of Medicine, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan (C.B., F.A., N.M., I.M., M.M., M.C., J.C., A.C.); and Institute of Medical Statistics and Biometry, University of Milan, Milan (E.B.), Italy."}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388845161529345","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Nuccia Morici"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"From the Laboratory of Interventional Cardiology and Department of Cardiology, Clinica Mediterranea, Naples (C.B., D.D., A.F., B.R.); Laboratory of Interventional Cardiology, “Vita e Salute” University School of Medicine, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan (C.B., F.A., N.M., I.M., M.M., M.C., J.C., A.C.); and Institute of Medical Statistics and Biometry, University of Milan, Milan (E.B.), Italy."}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388845161529218","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Amelia Focaccio"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"From the Laboratory of Interventional Cardiology and Department of Cardiology, Clinica Mediterranea, Naples (C.B., D.D., A.F., B.R.); Laboratory of Interventional Cardiology, “Vita e Salute” University School of Medicine, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan (C.B., F.A., N.M., I.M., M.M., M.C., J.C., A.C.); and Institute of Medical Statistics and Biometry, University of Milan, Milan (E.B.), Italy."}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388845161529219","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Iassen Michev"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"From the Laboratory of Interventional Cardiology and Department of Cardiology, Clinica Mediterranea, Naples (C.B., D.D., A.F., B.R.); Laboratory of Interventional Cardiology, “Vita e Salute” University School of Medicine, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan (C.B., F.A., N.M., I.M., M.M., M.C., J.C., A.C.); and Institute of Medical Statistics and Biometry, University of Milan, Milan (E.B.), Italy."}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388845161529216","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Matteo Montorfano"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"From the Laboratory of Interventional Cardiology and Department of Cardiology, Clinica Mediterranea, Naples (C.B., D.D., A.F., B.R.); Laboratory of Interventional Cardiology, “Vita e Salute” University School of Medicine, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan (C.B., F.A., N.M., I.M., M.M., M.C., J.C., A.C.); and Institute of Medical Statistics and Biometry, University of Milan, Milan (E.B.), Italy."}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388845161529346","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Mauro Carlino"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"From the Laboratory of Interventional Cardiology and Department of Cardiology, Clinica Mediterranea, Naples (C.B., D.D., A.F., B.R.); Laboratory of Interventional Cardiology, “Vita e Salute” University School of Medicine, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan (C.B., F.A., N.M., I.M., M.M., M.C., J.C., A.C.); and Institute of Medical Statistics and Biometry, University of Milan, Milan (E.B.), Italy."}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388845161529348","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"John Cosgrave"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"From the Laboratory of Interventional Cardiology and Department of Cardiology, Clinica Mediterranea, Naples (C.B., D.D., A.F., B.R.); Laboratory of Interventional Cardiology, “Vita e Salute” University School of Medicine, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan (C.B., F.A., N.M., I.M., M.M., M.C., J.C., A.C.); and Institute of Medical Statistics and Biometry, University of Milan, Milan (E.B.), Italy."}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388845161529350","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Bruno Ricciardelli"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"From the Laboratory of Interventional Cardiology and Department of Cardiology, Clinica Mediterranea, Naples (C.B., D.D., A.F., B.R.); Laboratory of Interventional Cardiology, “Vita e Salute” University School of Medicine, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan (C.B., F.A., N.M., I.M., M.M., M.C., J.C., A.C.); and Institute of Medical Statistics and Biometry, University of Milan, Milan (E.B.), Italy."}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383388845161529217","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Antonio Colombo"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"From the Laboratory of Interventional Cardiology and Department of Cardiology, Clinica Mediterranea, Naples (C.B., D.D., A.F., B.R.); Laboratory of Interventional Cardiology, “Vita e Salute” University School of Medicine, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan (C.B., F.A., N.M., I.M., M.M., M.C., J.C., A.C.); and Institute of Medical Statistics and Biometry, University of Milan, Milan (E.B.), Italy."}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"00097322"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"15244539"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Circulation"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2007-03-13","prism:volume":"115","prism:number":"10","prism:startingPage":"1211","prism:endingPage":"1217"},"reviewed":"false","url":[{"@id":"https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.687152"}],"createdAt":"2007-02-19","modifiedAt":"2024-05-13","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360285710425137024","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Physiological and pathophysiological role of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species in the kidney"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390001205104691072","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Incidence of and Risk Factors for Contrast-Induced Nephropathy After Cardiac Catheterization in Japanese 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ケントウ"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390017998021523840","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Applicable Machine Learning Model for Predicting Contrast-induced Nephropathy Based on Pre-catheterization Variables"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390282680080710272","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Sodium Bicarbonate Improves Long-Term Clinical Outcomes Compared With Sodium Chloride in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease Undergoing an Emergent Coronary Procedure"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390282680085088512","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Sodium Bicarbonate-Ascorbic Acid Combination for Prevention of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Undergoing 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