{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363670318829684608.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1029/2018jd030122"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2018JD030122"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1029/2018JD030122"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1029/2018JD030122"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2018JD030122"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"A Review of Ice Particle Shapes in Cirrus formed In Situ and in Anvils"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Results from 22 airborne field campaigns, including more than 10 million high‐resolution particle images collected in cirrus formed in situ and in convective anvils, are interpreted in terms of particle shapes and their potential impact on radiative transfer. Emphasis is placed on characterizing ice particle shapes in tropical maritime and midlatitude continental anvil cirrus, as well as in cirrus formed in situ in the upper troposphere, and subvisible cirrus in the upper tropical troposphere layer. There is a distinctive difference in cirrus ice particle shapes formed in situ compared to those in anvils that are generated in close proximity to convection. More than half the mass in cirrus formed in situ are rosette shapes (polycrystals and bullet rosettes). Cirrus formed from fresh convective anvils is mostly devoid of rosette‐shaped particles. However, small frozen drops may experience regrowth downwind of an aged anvil in a regime with <jats:italic>RH</jats:italic><jats:sub>ice</jats:sub> > ~120% and then grow into rosette shapes. Identifiable particle shapes in tropical maritime anvils that have not been impacted by continental influences typically contain mostly single plate‐like and columnar crystals and aggregates. Midlatitude continental anvils contain single‐rimed particles, more and larger aggregates with riming, and chains of small ice particles when in a highly electrified environment. The particles in subvisible cirrus are < ~100 μm and quasi‐spherical with some plates and rare trigonal shapes. Percentages of particle shapes and power laws relating mean particle area and mass to dimension are provided to improve parameterization of remote retrievals and numerical simulations.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380298757411720200","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"R. P. Lawson"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Stratton Park Engineering Company, Inc.  Boulder CO USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670318829684614","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"S. Woods"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Stratton Park Engineering Company, Inc.  Boulder CO USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670318829684620","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"E. Jensen"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"NASA Ames Research Center  Moffett Field CA USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670318829684625","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"E. Erfani"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Desert Research Institute  Reno NV USA"},{"@value":"Now at Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Earth Sciences George Mason University  Fairfax VA USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670318829684738","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"C. Gurganus"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Stratton Park Engineering Company, Inc.  Boulder CO USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670318829684737","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"M. Gallagher"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"University of Manchester  Manchester UK"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670318829684621","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"P. Connolly"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"University of Manchester  Manchester UK"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670318829684609","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"J. Whiteway"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science York University  Toronto Ontario Canada"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670318829684622","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"A. J. Baran"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Met Office  Exeter UK"},{"@value":"School of Physics, Astronomy and Mathematics University of Hertfordshire  Hatfield UK"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670318829684616","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"P. May"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Australian Bureau of Meteorology  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670318829684617","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"A. Heymsfield"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"National Center for Atmospheric Research  Boulder CO USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670318829684615","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"C. G. Schmitt"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"National Center for Atmospheric Research  Boulder CO USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670318829684618","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"G. McFarquhar"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Cooperative Institute for Mesoscale Meteorological Studies University of Oklahoma  Norman OK USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670318829684623","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"J. Um"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences Pusan National University  Busan South Korea"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670318829684611","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"A. Protat"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Australian Bureau of Meteorology  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670318829684610","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"M. Bailey"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Desert Research Institute  Reno NV USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670318829684612","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"S. Lance"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Atmospheric Sciences Research Center University at Albany  Albany NY USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670318829684736","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"A. Muehlbauer"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"FM Global Research  Norwood MA USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670318829684613","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"J. Stith"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"National Center for Atmospheric Research  Boulder CO USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670318829684624","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"A. Korolev"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Environment Canada  Toronto Ontario Canada"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670318829684739","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"O. B. Toon"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences and Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics University of Colorado Boulder  Boulder CO USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670318829684608","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"M. Krämer"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Institut für Energie und Klimaforschung Forschungszentrum Jülich  Jülich Germany"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"2169897X"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"21698996"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2019-09","prism:volume":"124","prism:number":"17-18","prism:startingPage":"10049","prism:endingPage":"10090"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#am","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor"],"url":[{"@id":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2018JD030122"},{"@id":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1029/2018JD030122"},{"@id":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1029/2018JD030122"},{"@id":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2018JD030122"}],"createdAt":"2019-07-25","modifiedAt":"2023-08-25","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360286993150557952","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Confronting the Challenge of Modeling Cloud and Precipitation Microphysics"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360298754849728768","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Investigation of ice cloud modeling capabilities for the irregularly shaped Voronoi ice scattering models in climate simulations"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360298757411718912","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Parameterization and Explicit Modeling of Cloud Microphysics: Approaches, Challenges, and Future Directions"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360585257125798400","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Retrieval of Terahertz Ice Cloud Properties from airborne measurements based on the irregularly shaped Voronoi ice scattering models"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360869854352153600","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"On the elastoplastic behavior in collisional compression of spherical dust aggregates"}]}],"dataSourceIdentifier":[{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2018jd030122"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2019ms001689_references_DOI_XL3GeukYysOBjYBZC1YqL678w3l"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.5194/acp-22-4809-2022_references_DOI_XL3GeukYysOBjYBZC1YqL678w3l"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1007/s00376-022-2077-3_references_DOI_XL3GeukYysOBjYBZC1YqL678w3l"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.5194/amt-16-331-2023_references_DOI_XL3GeukYysOBjYBZC1YqL678w3l"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1007/s10035-024-01463-x_references_DOI_XL3GeukYysOBjYBZC1YqL678w3l"}]}