{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363670318930911616.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1073/pnas.93.17.9073"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.93.17.9073"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"Analysis of genetic instability during mammary tumor progression using a novel selection-based assay for in vivo mutations in a bacteriophage lambda transgene target."}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:p>Genetic instability is thought to be responsible for the numerous genotypic changes that occur during neoplastic transformation and metastatic progression. To explore the role of genetic instability at the level of point mutations during mammary tumor development and malignant progression, we combined transgenic mouse models of mutagenesis detection and oncogenesis. Bitransgenic mice were generated that carried both a bacteriophage lambda transgene to assay mutagenesis and a polyomavirus middle T oncogene, mammary gland-targeted expression of which led to metastatic mammary adenocarcinomas. We developed a novel assay for the detection of mutations in the lambda transgene that selects for phage containing forward mutations only in the lambda cII gene, using an hfl- bacterial host. In addition to the relative ease of direct selection, the sensitivity of this assay for both spontaneous and chemically induced mutations was comparable to the widely used mutational target gene, lambda lacI, making the cII assay an attractive alternative for mutant phage recovery for any lambda-based mouse mutagenesis assay system. The frequencies of lambda cII- mutants were not significantly different in normal mammary epithelium, primary mammary adenocarcinomas, and pulmonary metastases. The cII mutational spectra in these tissues consisted mostly of G/C-->A/T transitions, a large fraction of which occurred at CpG dinucleotides. These data suggest that, in this middle T oncogene model of mammary tumor progression, a significant increase in mutagenesis is not required for tumor development or for metastatic progression.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380567007857874075","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"J L Jakubczak"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Molecular Genetics Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA."}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380576121272976898","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"G Merlino"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Molecular Genetics Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA."}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380576121272977024","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"J E French"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Molecular Genetics Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA."}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380576121272976897","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"W J Muller"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Molecular Genetics Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA."}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380576121272976899","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"B Paul"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Molecular Genetics Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA."}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380576121272976896","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"S Adhya"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Molecular Genetics Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA."}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1380576121272976901","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"S Garges"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Molecular Genetics Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA."}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"00278424"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"10916490"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"}],"prism:publicationDate":"1996-08-20","prism:volume":"93","prism:number":"17","prism:startingPage":"9073","prism:endingPage":"9078"},"reviewed":"false","url":[{"@id":"https://pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.93.17.9073"}],"createdAt":"2002-07-26","modifiedAt":"2022-04-13","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360285707122144128","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Evaluation of the in vivo genotoxicity of Allura Red AC (Food Red No. 40)"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360853567437045120","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal 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